TY - GEN
T1 - A model of surface fine grained laminae, streambed and streambank processes applicable to the watershed scale
AU - Russo, J. P.
AU - Fox, J. F.
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - The sediment transport and biological processes governing the fate and transport of the surface fine grained laminae (SFGL) has not been included in models seeking answers at the watershed scale. In this model development, the flow is used to drive the sediment transport continuity model which includes subroutines for fluvial erosion based on excess shear stress for cohesive sediment sources, i.e., SFGL, bed and bank, transport based on the residual transport capacity concept coupled with traditional deposition and sediment routing, and SFGL fate including biofilm generation and bioturbation of consolidated bed sediments. The model is applied to a lowland watershed in a conceptual watershed modeling framework. The model is calibrated for a stream reach in the watershed using concentration and flow data at the watershed outlet and from the tributaries that are used to calculate sediment flux using Einstein's approach. In addition, the critical shear stress, erodibility coefficient, and biological terms are parameterized based on literature reported values. The importance of small and moderate flow events to downcutting of the streambed and large events for deposition to the bed is found for the stream. Biological activity and bioturbation in the SFGL continue over time to develop eroded bed material. In this manner, biological rates can be seen as important for assessing geomorphologic rates on long time-scales.
AB - The sediment transport and biological processes governing the fate and transport of the surface fine grained laminae (SFGL) has not been included in models seeking answers at the watershed scale. In this model development, the flow is used to drive the sediment transport continuity model which includes subroutines for fluvial erosion based on excess shear stress for cohesive sediment sources, i.e., SFGL, bed and bank, transport based on the residual transport capacity concept coupled with traditional deposition and sediment routing, and SFGL fate including biofilm generation and bioturbation of consolidated bed sediments. The model is applied to a lowland watershed in a conceptual watershed modeling framework. The model is calibrated for a stream reach in the watershed using concentration and flow data at the watershed outlet and from the tributaries that are used to calculate sediment flux using Einstein's approach. In addition, the critical shear stress, erodibility coefficient, and biological terms are parameterized based on literature reported values. The importance of small and moderate flow events to downcutting of the streambed and large events for deposition to the bed is found for the stream. Biological activity and bioturbation in the SFGL continue over time to develop eroded bed material. In this manner, biological rates can be seen as important for assessing geomorphologic rates on long time-scales.
KW - River beds
KW - Sediment transport
KW - Streams
KW - Watersheds
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77954976247&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1061/41114(371)198
DO - 10.1061/41114(371)198
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:77954976247
SN - 9780784411148
T3 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010: Challenges of Change - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010
SP - 1893
EP - 1904
BT - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010
T2 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010: Challenges of Change
Y2 - 16 May 2010 through 20 May 2010
ER -