Abstract
Summary: Background A phase 1/2a dose escalation study of APC-100 (2,2,5,7,8-Pentamethyl-6-chromanol) was conducted to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended phase 2 dose, toxicities and efficacy in men with castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Methods This open label phase 1/2a study utilizes a time-to-event reassessment method (TITE-CRM) design. Patients in cohorts of 3 were treated with escalating doses of APC-100 (900 mg-2400 mg) orally once daily continuously. Cycles were 28 days. Results Twenty patients with CRPC were enrolled in the dose escalation cohort. One possible DLT (elevated ALT) was seen at dose level 1. No other DLTs were seen and no dose reductions were required. Most frequent AEs included nausea (grade 1 in 6 patients) and elevated transaminases (grade 1-3 in 5 patients). After enrolment of 20 patients the MTD was not reached, however the maximal feasible dose was exceeded due to the number of capsules ingested. Five of the 20 patients had stable disease as their best response. The median progression free survival (PFS) for the cohort was 2.8 months (range 1-8). Conclusions APC-100 is a novel agent with dual mechanism of action functioning both as potent antioxidant as well as antiandrogen. No detectable APC-100 was found in the plasma at dose level 5 (2100 mg) and it was felt that maximal feasibility was nearly reached. APC-100 is being reformulated as a tablet to allow further dose escalation. Once a recommended phase 2 dose is established, future studies in prostate cancer chemoprevention should be conducted.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 225-230 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Investigational New Drugs |
Volume | 34 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 2016 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The investigators gratefully acknowledge the patients and families who participated in this study. Funding was provided by Adamis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, San Diego, CA, the National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute Grant P30 CA014520 (University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center Support) and the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium Award PC131993.
Publisher Copyright:
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016.
Keywords
- APC-100
- Oxidative stress
- Phase I
- Prostate cancer
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Pharmacology (medical)