A systematic review and combined analysis of therapeutic drug monitoring studies for long-acting risperidone

Georgios Schoretsanitis, Edoardo Spina, Christoph Hiemke, Jose de Leon

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

65 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: This systematic review of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) identifies three long-acting injectable (LAI) risperidone formulations. Areas covered: Limited data is available on two formulations (RBP-7000 and in Situ Microparticle), but 20 TDM articles on the microsphere formulation were found. Risperidone TDM includes the serum concentrations of risperidone and its active metabolite, 9-hydroxyrisperidone, used for calculating: 1) the risperidone/9-hydroxyrisperidone (R/9-OH-R) ratio (a measure of CYP2D6; values >1 are indicative of a CYP2D6 poor metabolizer) and 2) the total risperidone concentration-to-dose (C/D) ratio (a measure of risperidone clearance with a normal value around 7 in oral risperidone). The weighted mean R/9-OH-R ratio was 0.48 (approximately twice that of oral risperidone TDM) in a combined analysis from 329 patients in 6 risperidone LAI studies without major confounders. The total C/D ratios from 297 patients in 6 risperidone LAI studies ranged from 7.4 to 9.7 ng/ml/mg/day with a weighted mean of 8.8 ng/ml/mg/day. Expert commentary: Clinicians using TDM for risperidone LAI microsphere formulation need to: 1) consider steady state to be reached ≥ 6 weeks after the first injection, 2) pay attention to a) co-medications with inducers/inhibitors, b) severe inflammations/infections, and c) hepatic/renal impairment, and 3) use Castberg’s recommendation to calculate risperidone dosing.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)965-981
Number of pages17
JournalExpert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
Volume10
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2 2017

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Keywords

  • Antipsychotic agents/administration & dosage
  • delayed-action preparations
  • drug monitoring
  • injections
  • risperidone/administration & dosage
  • risperidone/blood
  • risperidone/metabolism
  • risperidone/pharmacokinetics
  • risperidone/pharmacology
  • risperidone/therapeutic use
  • schizophrenia/drug therapy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
  • Pharmacology (medical)

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