A Toxicological Study of the Respirable Coal Mine Dust: Assessment of Different Dust Sources within the Same Mine

Milton Das; Vanessa Salinas; Jason LeBoeuf; Rifat Khan; Quiteria Jacquez; Alexandra Camacho; Mark Hovingh; Katherine Zychowski; Mohammad Rezaee; Pedram Roghanchi; Gayan Rubasinghege

doi:10.3390/min13030433

A Toxicological Study of the Respirable Coal Mine Dust: Assessment of Different Dust Sources within the Same Mine

Milton Das
, Vanessa Salinas
, Jason LeBoeuf
, Rifat Khan
, Quiteria Jacquez
, Alexandra Camacho
, Mark Hovingh
, Katherine Zychowski
, Mohammad Rezaee
, Pedram Roghanchi
, Gayan Rubasinghege

Mining Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure is one of the utmost health hazards to the mining community causing various health issues, including coal worker pneumoconiosis (CWP). Considering multiple potential sources of RCMD having different physicochemical properties within the same mine suggests a wide range of health impacts that have not yet been studied extensively. In this work, we investigate the toxicity of lab-created RCMD based on different sources: coal seam, rock dust, host floor, and host roof collected from the same mine. Comparative samples obtained from several mines situated in various geographic locations were also assessed. This work quantifies metal leaching in simulated lung fluids and correlates dissolution with in vitro immune responses. Here, dissolution experiments were conducted using two simulated lung fluids; Gamble solution (GS) and artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF). In vitro studies were performed using a lung epithelial cell line (A549) to investigate their immune responses and cell viability. Si and Al are the most dissolved metals, among several other trace metals, such as Fe, Sr, Ba, Pb, etc. RCMD from the coal seam and the rock dust showed the least metal leaching, while the floor and roof samples dissolved the most. Results from in vitro studies showed a prominent effect on cell viability for floor and roof dust samples suggesting high toxicity.

Original language	English
Article number	433
Journal	Minerals
Volume	13
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/min13030433
State	Published - Mar 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.

Funding

This research was funded by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), grant numbers #75D30119C06390 and #75D30121C12182, and by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS) under grants R21 ES032432 and R00 ES029104. The views, opinions, and recommendations expressed here are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NIOSH. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the authors or the funding organization.

Funders	Funder number
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health	75D30119C06390, 75D30121C12182
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences	R21 ES032432, R00 ES029104
UK Industrial Decarbonization Research and Innovation Centre	103863

Keywords

RCMD
in vitro toxicity studies
respirable dust characteristics
simulated lung fluids

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
Geology

Access to Document

10.3390/min13030433

Cite this

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title = "A Toxicological Study of the Respirable Coal Mine Dust: Assessment of Different Dust Sources within the Same Mine",

abstract = "Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure is one of the utmost health hazards to the mining community causing various health issues, including coal worker pneumoconiosis (CWP). Considering multiple potential sources of RCMD having different physicochemical properties within the same mine suggests a wide range of health impacts that have not yet been studied extensively. In this work, we investigate the toxicity of lab-created RCMD based on different sources: coal seam, rock dust, host floor, and host roof collected from the same mine. Comparative samples obtained from several mines situated in various geographic locations were also assessed. This work quantifies metal leaching in simulated lung fluids and correlates dissolution with in vitro immune responses. Here, dissolution experiments were conducted using two simulated lung fluids; Gamble solution (GS) and artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF). In vitro studies were performed using a lung epithelial cell line (A549) to investigate their immune responses and cell viability. Si and Al are the most dissolved metals, among several other trace metals, such as Fe, Sr, Ba, Pb, etc. RCMD from the coal seam and the rock dust showed the least metal leaching, while the floor and roof samples dissolved the most. Results from in vitro studies showed a prominent effect on cell viability for floor and roof dust samples suggesting high toxicity.",

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AU - Khan, Rifat

AU - Jacquez, Quiteria

AU - Camacho, Alexandra

AU - Hovingh, Mark

AU - Zychowski, Katherine

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AU - Roghanchi, Pedram

AU - Rubasinghege, Gayan

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AB - Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure is one of the utmost health hazards to the mining community causing various health issues, including coal worker pneumoconiosis (CWP). Considering multiple potential sources of RCMD having different physicochemical properties within the same mine suggests a wide range of health impacts that have not yet been studied extensively. In this work, we investigate the toxicity of lab-created RCMD based on different sources: coal seam, rock dust, host floor, and host roof collected from the same mine. Comparative samples obtained from several mines situated in various geographic locations were also assessed. This work quantifies metal leaching in simulated lung fluids and correlates dissolution with in vitro immune responses. Here, dissolution experiments were conducted using two simulated lung fluids; Gamble solution (GS) and artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF). In vitro studies were performed using a lung epithelial cell line (A549) to investigate their immune responses and cell viability. Si and Al are the most dissolved metals, among several other trace metals, such as Fe, Sr, Ba, Pb, etc. RCMD from the coal seam and the rock dust showed the least metal leaching, while the floor and roof samples dissolved the most. Results from in vitro studies showed a prominent effect on cell viability for floor and roof dust samples suggesting high toxicity.

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A Toxicological Study of the Respirable Coal Mine Dust: Assessment of Different Dust Sources within the Same Mine

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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