Analysis of Faculty Gender and Race in Scholarly Achievements in Academic Neurology

Sima I. Patel; Parneet Grewal; Christa O’Hana S. Nobleza; Neishay Ayub; Kim Eng Ky; Doris H. Kung; Suma Shah; Myriam Abdennadher; Halley B. Alexander; Natasha Frost; Kamala Rodrigues; Sarah Durica; Seema Nagpal; June Yoshii-Contreras; Katherine Zarroli; Padmaja Sudhakar; Chen Zhao; Sol De Jesus; Deborah Bradshaw; Nicole Brescia; Nancy Foldvary-Schaefer; Laura Tormoehlen; Laurie Gutmann; Sneha Mantri; Ailing Yang; Annie He; Cynthia Zheng; Mark Fiecas; Julie K. Silver; Alyssa F. Westring; Sasha Alick-Lindstrom; Jane B. Allendorfer

doi:10.1089/jwh.2023.0983

Analysis of Faculty Gender and Race in Scholarly Achievements in Academic Neurology

Sima I. Patel
, Parneet Grewal
, Christa O’Hana S. Nobleza
, Neishay Ayub
, Kim Eng Ky
, Doris H. Kung
, Suma Shah
, Myriam Abdennadher
, Halley B. Alexander
, Natasha Frost
, Kamala Rodrigues
, Sarah Durica
, Seema Nagpal
, June Yoshii-Contreras
, Katherine Zarroli
, Padmaja Sudhakar
, Chen Zhao
, Sol De Jesus
, Deborah Bradshaw
, Nicole Brescia

Nancy Foldvary-Schaefer, Laura Tormoehlen, Laurie Gutmann, Sneha Mantri, Ailing Yang, Annie He, Cynthia Zheng, Mark Fiecas, Julie K. Silver, Alyssa F. Westring, Sasha Alick-Lindstrom, Jane B. Allendorfer

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Intersection of gender and race and/or ethnicity in academic medicine is understudied; we aim to understand these factors in relation to scholarly achievements for neurology faculty. Methods: Faculty from 19 US neurology departments completed a survey (2021-2022) to report rank, leadership positions, publications, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations. Regression analyses examined effects of gender, race, and their intersectionality on these achievements. Women, Black/Indigenous/People of Color (BIPOC), and BIPOC women were comparator groups. Results: Four hundred sixty-two faculty responded: 55% women, 43% men; 31% BIPOC, 63% White; 21% BIPOC women, 12% BIPOC men, 36% White women, 31% White men. Men and White faculty are more likely to be full professors than women and BIPOC faculty. The number of leadership positions, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations are significantly greater in White compared to BIPOC faculty. Relative to BIPOC women, the number of leadership positions is significantly higher among BIPOC men, White women, and White men. Publication numbers for BIPOC men are lower, number of funded projects and speaker invitations for White women are higher, and number of awards among White men and White women is higher compared to BIPOC women. Discussion: Our study highlights that inequities in academic rank, award number, funded projects, speakership invitations, and leadership roles disproportionately impacted BIPOC women. More studies are needed to evaluate gender and race and/or ethnicity intersectionality effects on faculty achievements, reasons for inequities, recognition, and potential solutions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1464-1475
Number of pages	12
Journal	Journal of Women's Health
Volume	33
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2023.0983
State	Published - Nov 1 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

Funding

S.I.P. has received honoraria for lectureship from Hofstra University, served as expert witness and legal consultant, is on the Epilepsy Foundation of Minnesota Board of Directors, is funded by drug trials for Xenon and UCB Pharma, chairs the American Epilepsy Society Digital Advisory Committee, and serves on the University of Minnesota Center for Women and Medicine group and the American Neurological Association Ideas Task Force. P.G. received support from the Palatucci Advocacy Leadership Forum Grant by the American Academy of Neurology. NA. received honoraria for Facilitating Anti-racism discussions at Brown University. D.H.K. has received royalties from Springer, honoraria from the PRI-MED conference, and meeting/travel support from the American Academy of Neurology for the Undergraduate Education Subcommittee. S.S. has received support from Biogen and Verasci. H.B.A. receives compensation from the American Academy of Neurology for her position as Deputy Editor of the Neurology Minute podcast and is funded by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH; Grant #KL2TR001421), and has received lecture honoraria from the American Epilepsy Society. N.F. has received grant funding from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) and NIH. K.Z. has received grant funding from Eisai (investigator-initiated study grant) and has participated on the SK Life Sciences Advisory Board. N.B. has received funding from SUNY Upstate Patient Advocacy Fund for a study not related to this article. L.T. received author royalties from UpToDate, payment/consulting fees for medical-legal consultation, and honoraria and support for conference fees for neurology/toxicology lectures, and participates on a Data Safety and Monitoring Board at Indian University for studies involving ethanol infusion. S.M. has received grant support from Cerevel Therapeutics and the Parkinson Foundation, consulting fees from Deep Brain Innovations LLC and Gray Matter Tech, Inc., honoraria for lectures or presentations from Clinical Care Options, Parkinson Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation, and travel support for attending the American Academy of Neurology and Michael J Fox Foundation meetings. M.F.’s effort on this project was supported by a department contract between the Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain and the Department of Neurology at the University of Minnesota. J.K.S. has received support from the Binational Scientific Foundation Grant for Culinary Medicine and textbook royalties from Textbook Essentials of PM&R and Easy EMG, has stocks from Simplified for lactation consulting, and is a Third Culture Capital venture partner. J.B.A. is funded by grants from the US Department of Defense (W81XWH-17-1-0619), the Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (PI), LivaNova Inc, and NIH (R01HD102723 [PI]) for studies unrelated to this study, has received lecture honoraria from the Cleveland Clinic and travel funds from the International League Against Epilepsy, has received consultant fees from LivaNova Inc, participates on a Data Safety and Monitoring Board at the University of Alabama at Birmingham/University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, serves on the American Epilepsy Society Scientific Program Committee, and serves as an associate editor for Epilepsy & Behavior Reports. All other authors report no interest to declare. The authors acknowledge Dr. Virginia J. Howard, Professor of Epidemiology in the School of Public Health at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, for her contribution to initial survey design. M.F. was supported by Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain and the Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, for statistical support. This study was presented, in part, at the American Academy of Neurology 2023 Annual Meeting.

Funders	Funder number
Eisai
Minnesota State University-Mankato
University of Alabama
International League Against Epilepsy
Binational Scientific Foundation
Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain
American Epilepsy Society
Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
New Mexico State University, New York University
American Neurological Association Ideas Task Force
Deep Brain Innovations LLC
American Academy of Neurology
Hofstra University
University of Minnesota Center for Women and Medicine group
Epilepsy Foundation of Minnesota Board
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
SK Life Sciences Advisory Board
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)
American Academy of Neurology and Michael J Fox Foundation
The Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research
Cerevel Therapeutics
Cleveland Clinic Foundation General Clinical Research Center of the Cleveland Clinic/Case Western Reserve University
U.S. Department of Defense	R01HD102723, W81XWH-17-1-0619

Keywords

career advancement
equity
ethnicity
intersectionality
promotion
racial disparities

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Medicine

Access to Document

10.1089/jwh.2023.0983

Cite this

Patel, S. I., Grewal, P., Nobleza, C. OH. S., Ayub, N., Ky, K. E., Kung, D. H., Shah, S., Abdennadher, M., Alexander, H. B., Frost, N., Rodrigues, K., Durica, S., Nagpal, S., Yoshii-Contreras, J., Zarroli, K., Sudhakar, P., Zhao, C., De Jesus, S., Bradshaw, D., ... Allendorfer, J. B. (2024). Analysis of Faculty Gender and Race in Scholarly Achievements in Academic Neurology. Journal of Women's Health, 33(11), 1464-1475. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2023.0983

@article{8ba3a57bed724bb48725f561468c769a,

title = "Analysis of Faculty Gender and Race in Scholarly Achievements in Academic Neurology",

abstract = "Background: Intersection of gender and race and/or ethnicity in academic medicine is understudied; we aim to understand these factors in relation to scholarly achievements for neurology faculty. Methods: Faculty from 19 US neurology departments completed a survey (2021-2022) to report rank, leadership positions, publications, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations. Regression analyses examined effects of gender, race, and their intersectionality on these achievements. Women, Black/Indigenous/People of Color (BIPOC), and BIPOC women were comparator groups. Results: Four hundred sixty-two faculty responded: 55\% women, 43\% men; 31\% BIPOC, 63\% White; 21\% BIPOC women, 12\% BIPOC men, 36\% White women, 31\% White men. Men and White faculty are more likely to be full professors than women and BIPOC faculty. The number of leadership positions, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations are significantly greater in White compared to BIPOC faculty. Relative to BIPOC women, the number of leadership positions is significantly higher among BIPOC men, White women, and White men. Publication numbers for BIPOC men are lower, number of funded projects and speaker invitations for White women are higher, and number of awards among White men and White women is higher compared to BIPOC women. Discussion: Our study highlights that inequities in academic rank, award number, funded projects, speakership invitations, and leadership roles disproportionately impacted BIPOC women. More studies are needed to evaluate gender and race and/or ethnicity intersectionality effects on faculty achievements, reasons for inequities, recognition, and potential solutions.",

keywords = "career advancement, equity, ethnicity, intersectionality, promotion, racial disparities",

author = "Patel, \{Sima I.\} and Parneet Grewal and Nobleza, \{Christa O{\textquoteright}Hana S.\} and Neishay Ayub and Ky, \{Kim Eng\} and Kung, \{Doris H.\} and Suma Shah and Myriam Abdennadher and Alexander, \{Halley B.\} and Natasha Frost and Kamala Rodrigues and Sarah Durica and Seema Nagpal and June Yoshii-Contreras and Katherine Zarroli and Padmaja Sudhakar and Chen Zhao and \{De Jesus\}, Sol and Deborah Bradshaw and Nicole Brescia and Nancy Foldvary-Schaefer and Laura Tormoehlen and Laurie Gutmann and Sneha Mantri and Ailing Yang and Annie He and Cynthia Zheng and Mark Fiecas and Silver, \{Julie K.\} and Westring, \{Alyssa F.\} and Sasha Alick-Lindstrom and Allendorfer, \{Jane B.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2024. Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.",

year = "2024",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1089/jwh.2023.0983",

language = "English",

volume = "33",

pages = "1464--1475",

number = "11",

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Patel, SI, Grewal, P, Nobleza, COHS, Ayub, N, Ky, KE, Kung, DH, Shah, S, Abdennadher, M, Alexander, HB, Frost, N, Rodrigues, K, Durica, S, Nagpal, S, Yoshii-Contreras, J, Zarroli, K, Sudhakar, P, Zhao, C, De Jesus, S, Bradshaw, D, Brescia, N, Foldvary-Schaefer, N, Tormoehlen, L, Gutmann, L, Mantri, S, Yang, A, He, A, Zheng, C, Fiecas, M, Silver, JK, Westring, AF, Alick-Lindstrom, S & Allendorfer, JB 2024, 'Analysis of Faculty Gender and Race in Scholarly Achievements in Academic Neurology', Journal of Women's Health, vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 1464-1475. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2023.0983

TY - JOUR

T1 - Analysis of Faculty Gender and Race in Scholarly Achievements in Academic Neurology

AU - Patel, Sima I.

AU - Grewal, Parneet

AU - Nobleza, Christa O’Hana S.

AU - Ayub, Neishay

AU - Ky, Kim Eng

AU - Kung, Doris H.

AU - Shah, Suma

AU - Abdennadher, Myriam

AU - Alexander, Halley B.

AU - Frost, Natasha

AU - Rodrigues, Kamala

AU - Durica, Sarah

AU - Nagpal, Seema

AU - Yoshii-Contreras, June

AU - Zarroli, Katherine

AU - Sudhakar, Padmaja

AU - Zhao, Chen

AU - De Jesus, Sol

AU - Bradshaw, Deborah

AU - Brescia, Nicole

AU - Foldvary-Schaefer, Nancy

AU - Tormoehlen, Laura

AU - Gutmann, Laurie

AU - Mantri, Sneha

AU - Yang, Ailing

AU - He, Annie

AU - Zheng, Cynthia

AU - Fiecas, Mark

AU - Silver, Julie K.

AU - Westring, Alyssa F.

AU - Alick-Lindstrom, Sasha

AU - Allendorfer, Jane B.

PY - 2024/11/1

Y1 - 2024/11/1

N2 - Background: Intersection of gender and race and/or ethnicity in academic medicine is understudied; we aim to understand these factors in relation to scholarly achievements for neurology faculty. Methods: Faculty from 19 US neurology departments completed a survey (2021-2022) to report rank, leadership positions, publications, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations. Regression analyses examined effects of gender, race, and their intersectionality on these achievements. Women, Black/Indigenous/People of Color (BIPOC), and BIPOC women were comparator groups. Results: Four hundred sixty-two faculty responded: 55% women, 43% men; 31% BIPOC, 63% White; 21% BIPOC women, 12% BIPOC men, 36% White women, 31% White men. Men and White faculty are more likely to be full professors than women and BIPOC faculty. The number of leadership positions, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations are significantly greater in White compared to BIPOC faculty. Relative to BIPOC women, the number of leadership positions is significantly higher among BIPOC men, White women, and White men. Publication numbers for BIPOC men are lower, number of funded projects and speaker invitations for White women are higher, and number of awards among White men and White women is higher compared to BIPOC women. Discussion: Our study highlights that inequities in academic rank, award number, funded projects, speakership invitations, and leadership roles disproportionately impacted BIPOC women. More studies are needed to evaluate gender and race and/or ethnicity intersectionality effects on faculty achievements, reasons for inequities, recognition, and potential solutions.

AB - Background: Intersection of gender and race and/or ethnicity in academic medicine is understudied; we aim to understand these factors in relation to scholarly achievements for neurology faculty. Methods: Faculty from 19 US neurology departments completed a survey (2021-2022) to report rank, leadership positions, publications, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations. Regression analyses examined effects of gender, race, and their intersectionality on these achievements. Women, Black/Indigenous/People of Color (BIPOC), and BIPOC women were comparator groups. Results: Four hundred sixty-two faculty responded: 55% women, 43% men; 31% BIPOC, 63% White; 21% BIPOC women, 12% BIPOC men, 36% White women, 31% White men. Men and White faculty are more likely to be full professors than women and BIPOC faculty. The number of leadership positions, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations are significantly greater in White compared to BIPOC faculty. Relative to BIPOC women, the number of leadership positions is significantly higher among BIPOC men, White women, and White men. Publication numbers for BIPOC men are lower, number of funded projects and speaker invitations for White women are higher, and number of awards among White men and White women is higher compared to BIPOC women. Discussion: Our study highlights that inequities in academic rank, award number, funded projects, speakership invitations, and leadership roles disproportionately impacted BIPOC women. More studies are needed to evaluate gender and race and/or ethnicity intersectionality effects on faculty achievements, reasons for inequities, recognition, and potential solutions.

KW - career advancement

KW - equity

KW - ethnicity

KW - intersectionality

KW - promotion

KW - racial disparities

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85198986511

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85198986511#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1089/jwh.2023.0983

DO - 10.1089/jwh.2023.0983

M3 - Article

C2 - 38985654

AN - SCOPUS:85198986511

SN - 1540-9996

VL - 33

SP - 1464

EP - 1475

JO - Journal of Women's Health

JF - Journal of Women's Health

IS - 11

ER -

Analysis of Faculty Gender and Race in Scholarly Achievements in Academic Neurology

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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