Anticancer, antimicrobial, insecticidal and molecular docking of sarcotrocheliol and cholesterol from the marine soft coral Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum

Mansour A.E. Bashar; Abdelaaty Hamed; Mohamed A.M. El-Tabakh; Amr H. Hashem; Ahmed A. Zaki; Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar; Eman S. Abou-Amra; Mohamed E. El-Beeh; Ahmed B.M. Mehany; Mohamed Shaaban; Amer M. Abdelaziz; Khaled A. Shaaban; Ahmed I. Hasaballah

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-75446-6

Anticancer, antimicrobial, insecticidal and molecular docking of sarcotrocheliol and cholesterol from the marine soft coral Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum

Mansour A.E. Bashar, Abdelaaty Hamed, Mohamed A.M. El-Tabakh, Amr H. Hashem, Ahmed A. Zaki, Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar, Eman S. Abou-Amra, Mohamed E. El-Beeh, Ahmed B.M. Mehany, Mohamed Shaaban, Amer M. Abdelaziz, Khaled A. Shaaban, Ahmed I. Hasaballah

Pharmaceutical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

The anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal activities of sarcotrocheliol (1) and cholesterol (2) obtained from the soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum (S. trocheliophorum) were intensively studied. According to this study, both compounds 1 and 2 showed potential cytotoxicity towards the human colorectal carcinomaHCT-116 (IC₅₀ 10.4, 11.8 µg/mL) and human liver carcinoma HepG2 cell lines (IC₅₀ 8.8, 12.0 µg/mL), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated as potential inhibitors of caspase-3, a member of the cysteine protease family, which is considered a key enzyme in inducing cell apoptosis. Results showed that compounds 1 and 2 have induced apoptosis via up-regulation of caspase-3. Sarcotrocheliol (1) displayed antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa (15 mm), B. subtilis (15 mm), M. luteus (14 mm) and C. albicans (15 mm), with a MIC of 1.5 µg/mL against the reported test microorganisms. On the other hand, cholesterol (2) showed less activity towards P. aeruginosa (10 mm), B. subtilis (14 mm), S. aureus (12 mm) and C. albicans (10 mm) with MICs of 3.0, 1.5, 1.5 and 3.0 µg/mL against the tested microorganisms, respectively. Larvicidal activity revealed that compounds 1 and 2 induced remarkable toxicity against the third instar larvae of the mosquito, Culex pipiens even at concentration of 2 ppm. Adulticidal activity data showed that tested compounds are distinctly potent toxicants against the housefly, Musca domestica adult females. Overall, compound 2induced much more insecticidal activity than 1, and M. domestica adult females were more sensitive to tested compounds than C. pipiens larvae. Computationally, Density Functional Theory (DFT) analyses revealed that compound 2 had a higher dipole moment and lower band gap energy when compared to compound 1. So, compounds 2 is chemically more reactive and less stable than compound 1. According to the molecular docking study against PDB IDs: 3KJF, 5UHF and 1ACJ, compounds 1 and 2 demonstrated their activity mode as anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal agents. The compounds exerted many interactions and showed high binding to the proteins, recognizing their potential as drug candidates with broad bioactivities.

Original language	English
Article number	28028
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	14
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75446-6
State	Published - Dec 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2024.

Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the researchers supporting project number (RSP2024R505), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant R37 AI052218, the Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Translational Chemical Biology (CTCB, NIH P20 GM130456), the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA-CBGP, Grant No. 2023-38821-39584), the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, the University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR000117 and UL1TR001998). We thank Al-Azhar University, Cairo for supporting and introducing facilities to carry out the biological activity studies (cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and insecticide activities). M.S is thankful to Bielefeld University, Germany for NMR and MS spectral analysis. The authors extend their appreciation to the researchers supporting project number (RSP2024R505), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funders	Funder number
US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative
Al-Azhar University
University of Kentucky
University of Kentucky Markey Comprehensive Cancer Center
King Saud University
Center of Biomedical Research Excellence
USDA-NIFA-CBGP	2023-38821-39584
National Institutes of Health (NIH)	R37 AI052218, P20 GM130456
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)	UL1TR001998, UL1TR000117
Universität Bielefeld	RSP2024R505

Keywords

Anticancer
Antimicrobial
Bioactive compounds
Caspase-3, DFT, molecular docking
Larvicidal
Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1038/s41598-024-75446-6

Cite this

Bashar, M. A. E., Hamed, A., El-Tabakh, M. A. M., Hashem, A. H., Zaki, A. A., Al-Askar, A. A., Abou-Amra, E. S., El-Beeh, M. E., Mehany, A. B. M., Shaaban, M., Abdelaziz, A. M., Shaaban, K. A., & Hasaballah, A. I. (2024). Anticancer, antimicrobial, insecticidal and molecular docking of sarcotrocheliol and cholesterol from the marine soft coral Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum. Scientific Reports, 14(1), Article 28028. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75446-6

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title = "Anticancer, antimicrobial, insecticidal and molecular docking of sarcotrocheliol and cholesterol from the marine soft coral Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum",

abstract = "The anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal activities of sarcotrocheliol (1) and cholesterol (2) obtained from the soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum (S. trocheliophorum) were intensively studied. According to this study, both compounds 1 and 2 showed potential cytotoxicity towards the human colorectal carcinomaHCT-116 (IC50 10.4, 11.8 µg/mL) and human liver carcinoma HepG2 cell lines (IC50 8.8, 12.0 µg/mL), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated as potential inhibitors of caspase-3, a member of the cysteine protease family, which is considered a key enzyme in inducing cell apoptosis. Results showed that compounds 1 and 2 have induced apoptosis via up-regulation of caspase-3. Sarcotrocheliol (1) displayed antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa (15 mm), B. subtilis (15 mm), M. luteus (14 mm) and C. albicans (15 mm), with a MIC of 1.5 µg/mL against the reported test microorganisms. On the other hand, cholesterol (2) showed less activity towards P. aeruginosa (10 mm), B. subtilis (14 mm), S. aureus (12 mm) and C. albicans (10 mm) with MICs of 3.0, 1.5, 1.5 and 3.0 µg/mL against the tested microorganisms, respectively. Larvicidal activity revealed that compounds 1 and 2 induced remarkable toxicity against the third instar larvae of the mosquito, Culex pipiens even at concentration of 2 ppm. Adulticidal activity data showed that tested compounds are distinctly potent toxicants against the housefly, Musca domestica adult females. Overall, compound 2induced much more insecticidal activity than 1, and M. domestica adult females were more sensitive to tested compounds than C. pipiens larvae. Computationally, Density Functional Theory (DFT) analyses revealed that compound 2 had a higher dipole moment and lower band gap energy when compared to compound 1. So, compounds 2 is chemically more reactive and less stable than compound 1. According to the molecular docking study against PDB IDs: 3KJF, 5UHF and 1ACJ, compounds 1 and 2 demonstrated their activity mode as anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal agents. The compounds exerted many interactions and showed high binding to the proteins, recognizing their potential as drug candidates with broad bioactivities.",

keywords = "Anticancer, Antimicrobial, Bioactive compounds, Caspase-3, DFT, molecular docking, Larvicidal, Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum",

author = "Bashar, \{Mansour A.E.\} and Abdelaaty Hamed and El-Tabakh, \{Mohamed A.M.\} and Hashem, \{Amr H.\} and Zaki, \{Ahmed A.\} and Al-Askar, \{Abdulaziz A.\} and Abou-Amra, \{Eman S.\} and El-Beeh, \{Mohamed E.\} and Mehany, \{Ahmed B.M.\} and Mohamed Shaaban and Abdelaziz, \{Amer M.\} and Shaaban, \{Khaled A.\} and Hasaballah, \{Ahmed I.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2024.",

year = "2024",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1038/s41598-024-75446-6",

language = "English",

volume = "14",

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Bashar, MAE, Hamed, A, El-Tabakh, MAM, Hashem, AH, Zaki, AA, Al-Askar, AA, Abou-Amra, ES, El-Beeh, ME, Mehany, ABM, Shaaban, M, Abdelaziz, AM, Shaaban, KA & Hasaballah, AI 2024, 'Anticancer, antimicrobial, insecticidal and molecular docking of sarcotrocheliol and cholesterol from the marine soft coral Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum', Scientific Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, 28028. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75446-6

TY - JOUR

T1 - Anticancer, antimicrobial, insecticidal and molecular docking of sarcotrocheliol and cholesterol from the marine soft coral Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum

AU - Bashar, Mansour A.E.

AU - Hamed, Abdelaaty

AU - El-Tabakh, Mohamed A.M.

AU - Hashem, Amr H.

AU - Zaki, Ahmed A.

AU - Al-Askar, Abdulaziz A.

AU - Abou-Amra, Eman S.

AU - El-Beeh, Mohamed E.

AU - Mehany, Ahmed B.M.

AU - Shaaban, Mohamed

AU - Abdelaziz, Amer M.

AU - Shaaban, Khaled A.

AU - Hasaballah, Ahmed I.

PY - 2024/12

Y1 - 2024/12

N2 - The anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal activities of sarcotrocheliol (1) and cholesterol (2) obtained from the soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum (S. trocheliophorum) were intensively studied. According to this study, both compounds 1 and 2 showed potential cytotoxicity towards the human colorectal carcinomaHCT-116 (IC50 10.4, 11.8 µg/mL) and human liver carcinoma HepG2 cell lines (IC50 8.8, 12.0 µg/mL), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated as potential inhibitors of caspase-3, a member of the cysteine protease family, which is considered a key enzyme in inducing cell apoptosis. Results showed that compounds 1 and 2 have induced apoptosis via up-regulation of caspase-3. Sarcotrocheliol (1) displayed antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa (15 mm), B. subtilis (15 mm), M. luteus (14 mm) and C. albicans (15 mm), with a MIC of 1.5 µg/mL against the reported test microorganisms. On the other hand, cholesterol (2) showed less activity towards P. aeruginosa (10 mm), B. subtilis (14 mm), S. aureus (12 mm) and C. albicans (10 mm) with MICs of 3.0, 1.5, 1.5 and 3.0 µg/mL against the tested microorganisms, respectively. Larvicidal activity revealed that compounds 1 and 2 induced remarkable toxicity against the third instar larvae of the mosquito, Culex pipiens even at concentration of 2 ppm. Adulticidal activity data showed that tested compounds are distinctly potent toxicants against the housefly, Musca domestica adult females. Overall, compound 2induced much more insecticidal activity than 1, and M. domestica adult females were more sensitive to tested compounds than C. pipiens larvae. Computationally, Density Functional Theory (DFT) analyses revealed that compound 2 had a higher dipole moment and lower band gap energy when compared to compound 1. So, compounds 2 is chemically more reactive and less stable than compound 1. According to the molecular docking study against PDB IDs: 3KJF, 5UHF and 1ACJ, compounds 1 and 2 demonstrated their activity mode as anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal agents. The compounds exerted many interactions and showed high binding to the proteins, recognizing their potential as drug candidates with broad bioactivities.

AB - The anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal activities of sarcotrocheliol (1) and cholesterol (2) obtained from the soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum (S. trocheliophorum) were intensively studied. According to this study, both compounds 1 and 2 showed potential cytotoxicity towards the human colorectal carcinomaHCT-116 (IC50 10.4, 11.8 µg/mL) and human liver carcinoma HepG2 cell lines (IC50 8.8, 12.0 µg/mL), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated as potential inhibitors of caspase-3, a member of the cysteine protease family, which is considered a key enzyme in inducing cell apoptosis. Results showed that compounds 1 and 2 have induced apoptosis via up-regulation of caspase-3. Sarcotrocheliol (1) displayed antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa (15 mm), B. subtilis (15 mm), M. luteus (14 mm) and C. albicans (15 mm), with a MIC of 1.5 µg/mL against the reported test microorganisms. On the other hand, cholesterol (2) showed less activity towards P. aeruginosa (10 mm), B. subtilis (14 mm), S. aureus (12 mm) and C. albicans (10 mm) with MICs of 3.0, 1.5, 1.5 and 3.0 µg/mL against the tested microorganisms, respectively. Larvicidal activity revealed that compounds 1 and 2 induced remarkable toxicity against the third instar larvae of the mosquito, Culex pipiens even at concentration of 2 ppm. Adulticidal activity data showed that tested compounds are distinctly potent toxicants against the housefly, Musca domestica adult females. Overall, compound 2induced much more insecticidal activity than 1, and M. domestica adult females were more sensitive to tested compounds than C. pipiens larvae. Computationally, Density Functional Theory (DFT) analyses revealed that compound 2 had a higher dipole moment and lower band gap energy when compared to compound 1. So, compounds 2 is chemically more reactive and less stable than compound 1. According to the molecular docking study against PDB IDs: 3KJF, 5UHF and 1ACJ, compounds 1 and 2 demonstrated their activity mode as anticancer, antimicrobial, and insecticidal agents. The compounds exerted many interactions and showed high binding to the proteins, recognizing their potential as drug candidates with broad bioactivities.

KW - Anticancer

KW - Antimicrobial

KW - Bioactive compounds

KW - Caspase-3, DFT, molecular docking

KW - Larvicidal

KW - Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum

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JF - Scientific Reports

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Anticancer, antimicrobial, insecticidal and molecular docking of sarcotrocheliol and cholesterol from the marine soft coral Sarcophyton Trocheliophorum

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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