Abstract
Objective: The aims of this study are to quantify the adhesion strength differential between an oral bacterial biofilm and an osteoblast-like cell monolayer to a dental implant-simulant surface and develop a metric that quantifies the biocompatible effect of implant surfaces on bacterial and cell adhesion. Methods: High-amplitude short-duration stress waves generated by laser pulse absorption are used to spall bacteria and cells from titanium substrates. By carefully controlling laser fluence and calibration of laser fluence with applied stress, the adhesion difference between Streptococcus mutans biofilms and MG 63 osteoblast-like cell monolayers on smooth and rough titanium substrates is obtained. The ratio of cell adhesion strength to biofilm adhesion strength (i.e., Adhesion Index) is determined as a nondimensionalized parameter for biocompatibility assessment. Results: Adhesion strength of 143 MPa, with a 95% C.I. (114, 176), is measured for MG 63 cells on smooth titanium and 292 MPa, with a 95% C.I. (267, 306), on roughened titanium. Adhesion strength for S. mutans on smooth titanium is 320 MPa, with a 95% C.I. (304, 333), and remained relatively constant at 332 MPa, with a 95% C.I. (324, 343), on roughened titanium. The calculated Adhesion Index for smooth titanium is 0.451, with a 95% C.I. (0.267, 0.622), which increased to 0.876, with a 95% C.I. (0.780, 0.932), on roughened titanium. Significance: The laser spallation technique provides a platform to examine the tradeoffs of adhesion modulators on both biofilm and cell adhesion. This tradeoff is characterized by the Adhesion Index, which is proposed to aid biocompatibility screening and could help improve implantation outcomes. The Adhesion Index is implemented to determine surface factors that promote favorable adhesion of cells greater than biofilms. Here, an Adhesion Index ≫ 1 suggests favorable biocompatibility.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 48-59 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Dental Materials |
Volume | 37 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2020 The Academy of Dental Materials. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Funding
We gratefully acknowledge NIH Center of Biomedical Research Excellence(COBRE) in Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation (CPRI, P20GM130456),COBRE Phase III pilot funding (P30GM110788), andNIH NIDCR funding (R03DE029547) for completion of these experiments. SEM images were taken within the Electron Microscopy Center at the University of Kentucky by staff associate Nicolas Briot. Aluminum sputter coating was performed at The Micro/Nano Technology Center at University of Louisville and overseen by Dr. Thomas Berfield. We thank CPRI for use of bacterial culture equipment. CPRI is supported, in part, by the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacyand Center for Clinical and Translational Science (UL1TR001998). We thank Dr. Natalia Korotkova for her donation of S. mutans bacteria utilized during this study. We thank Dr. Larissa Ponomareva for sharing her culture expertise. We gratefully acknowledge N IH Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) in Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation (CPRI, P20GM130456), COBRE Phase III pilot funding ( P30GM110788), and NIH NIDCR funding ( R03DE029547) for completion of these experiments. SEM images were taken within the Electron Microscopy Center at the University of Kentucky by staff associate Nicolas Briot. Aluminum sputter coating was performed at The Micro/Nano Technology Center at University of Louisville and overseen by Dr. Thomas Berfield. We thank CPRI for use of bacterial culture equipment. CPRI is supported, in part, by the U niversity of Kentucky College of Pharmacy and Center for Clinical and Translational Science ( UL1TR001998) . We thank Dr. Natalia Korotkova for her donation of S. mutans bacteria utilized during this study. We thank Dr. Larissa Ponomareva for sharing her culture expertise.
Funders | Funder number |
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Corporacion Nacional del Cobre | |
Micro/Nano Technology Center at University of Louisville | |
NIH Center of Biomedical Research Excellence | |
Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation | |
U niversity of Kentucky College of Pharmacy and Center for Clinical and Translational Science | |
University of Kentucky College of Pharmacyand Center for Clinical and Translational Science | |
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research | R03DE029547 |
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) | UL1TR001998 |
Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, University of Kentucky | P20GM130456, P30GM110788 |
Keywords
- Adhesion
- Adhesion index
- Biofilm
- Implant
- Laser spallation
- MG 63
- Streptococcus mutans
- Surface roughness
- Titanium
- Weibull analysis
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Materials Science
- General Dentistry
- Mechanics of Materials