TY - JOUR
T1 - Chia
T2 - Host status for meloidogyne incognita and activity of plant extracts
AU - Meyer, Susan L.F.
AU - MacDonald, Margaret H.
AU - Reetz, Nathan D.
AU - Kantor, Mihail R.
AU - Carta, Lynn K.
AU - Handoo, Zafar A.
AU - Camp, Mary J.
AU - Phillips, Tim D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Phytopathological Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/11
Y1 - 2020/11
N2 - Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds are used for food, drinks, oil, and animal feed, and all plant parts are employed in traditional medicine. The growing demand for the seed has created a need for improved disease management. Plant-parasitic nematodes have been found on other Salvia spp., but none have been reported from S. hispanica. Chia has also not been tested for production of compounds active against these nematodes. Therefore, aqueous extracts from shoots and roots of six chia lines, Brad's Organic, Cono, E2, G3, G5, and W13.1, were tested in laboratory assays. Some concentrations of all extracts were nematotoxic, killing about one-third of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood second-stage juveniles (J2s) in shoot extracts and up to nearly half of J2s in root extracts. Hatch was generally not affected by the extracts. In greenhouse trials, all six chia lines were hosts of M. incognita. Chia line G3 had approximately two times or more eggs per gram of root than Brad's Organic or Cono. When cucumber seedlings were transplanted into soil amended with chopped chia shoots (2.3 or 2.5% weight of fresh shoots/weight of dry soil), galling and egg production on cucumber roots were not suppressed. To our knowledge, this is the first report that chia is a host to M. incognita (or any phytoparasitic nematode) and that chia shoots and roots produce compounds active against a nematode.
AB - Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds are used for food, drinks, oil, and animal feed, and all plant parts are employed in traditional medicine. The growing demand for the seed has created a need for improved disease management. Plant-parasitic nematodes have been found on other Salvia spp., but none have been reported from S. hispanica. Chia has also not been tested for production of compounds active against these nematodes. Therefore, aqueous extracts from shoots and roots of six chia lines, Brad's Organic, Cono, E2, G3, G5, and W13.1, were tested in laboratory assays. Some concentrations of all extracts were nematotoxic, killing about one-third of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood second-stage juveniles (J2s) in shoot extracts and up to nearly half of J2s in root extracts. Hatch was generally not affected by the extracts. In greenhouse trials, all six chia lines were hosts of M. incognita. Chia line G3 had approximately two times or more eggs per gram of root than Brad's Organic or Cono. When cucumber seedlings were transplanted into soil amended with chopped chia shoots (2.3 or 2.5% weight of fresh shoots/weight of dry soil), galling and egg production on cucumber roots were not suppressed. To our knowledge, this is the first report that chia is a host to M. incognita (or any phytoparasitic nematode) and that chia shoots and roots produce compounds active against a nematode.
KW - Chia
KW - Meloidogyne
KW - Nematode host
KW - Plant extract
KW - Salvia hispanica
KW - Soil amendment
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U2 - 10.1094/PDIS-10-19-2171-RE
DO - 10.1094/PDIS-10-19-2171-RE
M3 - Article
C2 - 32924874
AN - SCOPUS:85094982545
SN - 0191-2917
VL - 104
SP - 2979
EP - 2985
JO - Plant Disease
JF - Plant Disease
IS - 11
ER -