Abstract
The role of heparin-binding protein (HBP) as an acute inflammatory marker in acute exacerbations of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) and some stable ILD patients is not well-established. The significance of increasing HBP during an AE-ILD is examined and the first attempt to incorporate HBP into the ILD evaluation system is made. Then, the benefit of HBP in AE-ILD was investigated. ILD patients (n = 108) were divided into subgroups based on the phase and severity of the disease. Linear trends of HBP across subgroups were observed, and correlations with common inflammatory markers were examined. Further, the HBP detection was adopted between serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Imaging and pathology changes were evaluated using various scoring criteria and compared to HBP. The relationship between HBP with ventilation, fibrosis progression, and changes in arterial oxygen levels and inflammatory markers were investigated to understand the mechanistic pathways. HBP was significantly higher in patients with AE-ILD at the early stage, compared to patients with ILD at the stable phase and its increase was both found in the serum and BALF. With the remission of the disease, there was a linear trend of progressive decline. HBP identified ILD patients who had co-infections. HBP levels increased earlier than CRP, PCT, and SAA. HBP was associated with pulmonary levels of ventilation and lesions by radiology examination, and its levels were significantly worse in AE-ILD patients. However, HBP did not show a correlation to the pathology quantitative evaluation. In conclusion, HBP could potentially evaluate the progression and prognosis of AE-ILD. Because ILD patients are susceptible to infection, and since HBP can identify co-infection, this marker would be of great clinical importance. HBP is possibly predictive of acute exacerbation.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 861-873 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Journal of Leukocyte Biology |
Volume | 112 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The authors would like to express their gratitude to EditSprings (https://www.editsprings.com/) for the expert linguistic services provided. The study was supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (81871736, 81601394, 81572063, 81700096), Bureau of traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Project of Guangdong (Project No.: 20192048), Training Program of the first affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (ZH201818) and Guangzhou Science and Technology Project of traditional Chinese Medicine and Integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (20202A011017).
Publisher Copyright:
©2022 Society for Leukocyte Biology.
Keywords
- AE-ILD
- CTD-ILD
- IPF
- heparin-binding protein
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Immunology
- Cell Biology