Abstract
Axial-flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) machines are well-suited for in-wheel traction in electric vehicles due to their compact structure and higher torque density. This paper presents a large-scale design optimization of an axial-flux permanent magnet vernier machine (PMVM) of the MAGNUS type with a double stator configuration. The active stator features double-layer wound coils, while the passive stator is unwound but has a similar profile. The reference design employs a rotor with permanent magnets (PMs) arranged in a spoke-type field-intensifying pattern, providing high flux concentration. Design optimization was performed using 3-D electromagnetic Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. A best design from the Pareto front was selected, and a comparative study was conducted by replacing the spoke-type rotor with a Halbach array and a surface-mounted PM (SPM) rotor. The performance of the machine, considering these proposed rotor types was assessed for traction requirements. The results indicate that the spoke configuration is superior in terms of power density, efficiency, cost of active material, and having a higher constant power region.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | 2024 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, ITEC 2024 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9798350317664 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2024 |
| Event | 2024 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, ITEC 2024 - Chicago, United States Duration: Jun 19 2024 → Jun 21 2024 |
Publication series
| Name | 2024 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, ITEC 2024 |
|---|
Conference
| Conference | 2024 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, ITEC 2024 |
|---|---|
| Country/Territory | United States |
| City | Chicago |
| Period | 6/19/24 → 6/21/24 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2024 IEEE.
Funding
This paper is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Award No. #1809876. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. The support of Ansys Inc., and of University of Kentucky, the L. Stanley Pigman Chair in Power Endowment is also gratefully acknowledged.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| ANSYS | |
| University of Kentucky | |
| National Science Foundation Arctic Social Science Program | 1809876 |
Keywords
- Axial-flux vernier machine
- design optimization
- electrical vehicles
- finite element analysis
- flux weakening
- Halbach
- in-wheel motor
- spoke
- surface mounted
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Automotive Engineering
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Mechanical Engineering
- Control and Optimization
- Modeling and Simulation
- Transportation