Constraints on Nucleon Decay via Invisible Modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

S. N. Ahmed; A. E. Anthony; E. W. Beier; A. Bellerive; S. D. Biller; J. Boger; M. G. Boulay; M. G. Bowler; T. J. Bowles; S. J. Brice; T. V. Bullard; Y. D. Chan; M. Chen; X. Chen; B. T. Cleveland; G. A. Cox; X. Dai; F. Dalnoki-Veress; P. J. Doe; R. S. Dosanjh; G. Doucas; M. R. Dragowsky; C. A. Duba; F. A. Duncan; M. Dunford; J. A. Dunmore; E. D. Earle; S. R. Elliott; H. C. Evans; G. T. Ewan; J. Farine; H. Fergani; F. Fleurot; J. A. Formaggio; M. M. Fowler; K. Frame; W. Frati; B. G. Fulsom; N. Gagnon; K. Graham; D. R. Grant; R. L. Hahn; J. C. Hall; A. L. Hallin; E. D. Hallman; A. S. Hamer; W. B. Handler; C. K. Hargrove; P. J. Harvey; R. Hazama; K. M. Heeger; W. J. Heintzelman; J. Heise; R. L. Helmer; R. J. Hemingway; A. Hime; M. A. Howe; P. Jagam; N. A. Jelley; J. R. Klein; M. S. Kos; A. V. Krumins; T. Kutter; C. C.M. Kyba; H. Labranche; R. Lange; J. Law; I. T. Lawson; K. T. Lesko; J. R. Leslie; I. Levine; S. Luoma; R. MacLellan; S. Majerus; H. B. Mak; J. Maneira; A. D. Marino; N. McCauley; A. B. McDonald; S. McGee; G. McGregor; C. Mifflin; K. K.S. Miknaitis; G. G. Miller; B. A. Moffat; C. W. Nally; M. S. Neubauer; B. G. Nickel; A. J. Noble; E. B. Norman; N. S. Oblath; C. E. Okada; R. W. Ollerhead; J. L. Orrell; S. M. Oser; C. Ouellet; S. J.M. Peeters; A. W.P. Poon; B. C. Robertson; R. G.H. Robertson; E. Rollin; S. S.E. Rosendahl; V. L. Rusu; M. H. Schwendener; O. Simard; J. J. Simpson; C. J. Sims; D. Sinclair; P. Skensved; M. W.E. Smith; N. Starinsky; R. G. Stokstad; L. C. Stonehill; R. Tafirout; Y. Takeuchi; G. Tešić; M. Thomson; M. Thorman; R. van Berg; R. G. van de Water; C. J. Virtue; B. L. Wall; D. Waller; C. E. Waltham; H. Wan Chan Tseung; D. L. Wark; N. West; J. B. Wilhelmy; J. F. Wilkerson; J. R. Wilson; P. Wittich; J. M. Wouters; M. Yeh; K. Zuber

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.102004

Constraints on Nucleon Decay via Invisible Modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

S. N. Ahmed
, A. E. Anthony
, E. W. Beier
, A. Bellerive
, S. D. Biller
, J. Boger
, M. G. Boulay
, M. G. Bowler
, T. J. Bowles
, S. J. Brice
, T. V. Bullard
, Y. D. Chan
, M. Chen
, X. Chen
, B. T. Cleveland
, G. A. Cox
, X. Dai
, F. Dalnoki-Veress
, P. J. Doe
, R. S. Dosanjh

G. Doucas, M. R. Dragowsky, C. A. Duba, F. A. Duncan, M. Dunford, J. A. Dunmore, E. D. Earle, S. R. Elliott, H. C. Evans, G. T. Ewan, J. Farine, H. Fergani, F. Fleurot, J. A. Formaggio, M. M. Fowler, K. Frame, W. Frati, B. G. Fulsom, N. Gagnon, K. Graham, D. R. Grant, R. L. Hahn, J. C. Hall, A. L. Hallin, E. D. Hallman, A. S. Hamer, W. B. Handler, C. K. Hargrove, P. J. Harvey, R. Hazama, K. M. Heeger, W. J. Heintzelman, J. Heise, R. L. Helmer, R. J. Hemingway, A. Hime, M. A. Howe, P. Jagam, N. A. Jelley, J. R. Klein, M. S. Kos, A. V. Krumins, T. Kutter, C. C.M. Kyba, H. Labranche, R. Lange, J. Law, I. T. Lawson, K. T. Lesko, J. R. Leslie, I. Levine, S. Luoma, R. MacLellan, S. Majerus, H. B. Mak, J. Maneira, A. D. Marino, N. McCauley, A. B. McDonald, S. McGee, G. McGregor, C. Mifflin, K. K.S. Miknaitis, G. G. Miller, B. A. Moffat, C. W. Nally, M. S. Neubauer, B. G. Nickel, A. J. Noble, E. B. Norman, N. S. Oblath, C. E. Okada, R. W. Ollerhead, J. L. Orrell, S. M. Oser, C. Ouellet, S. J.M. Peeters, A. W.P. Poon, B. C. Robertson, R. G.H. Robertson, E. Rollin, S. S.E. Rosendahl, V. L. Rusu, M. H. Schwendener, O. Simard, J. J. Simpson, C. J. Sims, D. Sinclair, P. Skensved, M. W.E. Smith, N. Starinsky, R. G. Stokstad, L. C. Stonehill, R. Tafirout, Y. Takeuchi, G. Tešić, M. Thomson, M. Thorman, R. van Berg, R. G. van de Water, C. J. Virtue, B. L. Wall, D. Waller, C. E. Waltham, H. Wan Chan Tseung, D. L. Wark, N. West, J. B. Wilhelmy, J. F. Wilkerson, J. R. Wilson, P. Wittich, J. M. Wouters, M. Yeh, K. Zuber

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

48 Scopus citations

Abstract

The constraints on nucleon decay to 'invisible' modes such as n → 3v were investigated using data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. The investigation was based on γ rays obtained from residual nucleus deexcitation on disappearance of either proton or neutron from ¹⁶O. An upper limit was deduced for γ ray decay greater than 90% confidence level for proton decay. This was found more stringent than previous constraints on invisible proton-decay modes.

Original language	English
Article number	102004
Pages (from-to)	102004-1-102004-4
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	92
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.102004
State	Published - Mar 12 2004

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by NSERC, Industry Canada, NRC, Northern Ontario Heritage Fund, Inco, AECL, Ontario Power Generation, HPCVL, CRC (Canada); by Department of Energy (United States); and by PPARC (United Kingdom). We thank the SNO technical staff for their strong contributions.

Funding

This research was supported by NSERC, Industry Canada, NRC, Northern Ontario Heritage Fund, Inco, AECL, Ontario Power Generation, HPCVL, CRC (Canada); by Department of Energy (United States); and by PPARC (United Kingdom). We thank the SNO technical staff for their strong contributions.

Funders
Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council
U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge National Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy National Science Foundation National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
Industry Canada
National Research Council Canada (NRCC)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Physics and Astronomy

Access to Document

10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.102004

Cite this

Ahmed, S. N., Anthony, A. E., Beier, E. W., Bellerive, A., Biller, S. D., Boger, J., Boulay, M. G., Bowler, M. G., Bowles, T. J., Brice, S. J., Bullard, T. V., Chan, Y. D., Chen, M., Chen, X., Cleveland, B. T., Cox, G. A., Dai, X., Dalnoki-Veress, F., Doe, P. J., ... Zuber, K. (2004). Constraints on Nucleon Decay via Invisible Modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. Physical Review Letters, 92(10), 102004-1-102004-4. Article 102004. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.102004

@article{82239842e50248f9980b0b092be52757,

title = "Constraints on Nucleon Decay via Invisible Modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory",

abstract = "The constraints on nucleon decay to 'invisible' modes such as n → 3v were investigated using data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. The investigation was based on γ rays obtained from residual nucleus deexcitation on disappearance of either proton or neutron from 16O. An upper limit was deduced for γ ray decay greater than 90\% confidence level for proton decay. This was found more stringent than previous constraints on invisible proton-decay modes.",

author = "Ahmed, \{S. N.\} and Anthony, \{A. E.\} and Beier, \{E. W.\} and A. Bellerive and Biller, \{S. D.\} and J. Boger and Boulay, \{M. G.\} and Bowler, \{M. G.\} and Bowles, \{T. J.\} and Brice, \{S. J.\} and Bullard, \{T. V.\} and Chan, \{Y. D.\} and M. Chen and X. Chen and Cleveland, \{B. T.\} and Cox, \{G. A.\} and X. Dai and F. Dalnoki-Veress and Doe, \{P. J.\} and Dosanjh, \{R. S.\} and G. Doucas and Dragowsky, \{M. R.\} and Duba, \{C. A.\} and Duncan, \{F. A.\} and M. Dunford and Dunmore, \{J. A.\} and Earle, \{E. D.\} and Elliott, \{S. R.\} and Evans, \{H. C.\} and Ewan, \{G. T.\} and J. Farine and H. Fergani and F. Fleurot and Formaggio, \{J. A.\} and Fowler, \{M. M.\} and K. Frame and W. Frati and Fulsom, \{B. G.\} and N. Gagnon and K. Graham and Grant, \{D. R.\} and Hahn, \{R. L.\} and Hall, \{J. C.\} and Hallin, \{A. L.\} and Hallman, \{E. D.\} and Hamer, \{A. S.\} and Handler, \{W. B.\} and Hargrove, \{C. K.\} and Harvey, \{P. J.\} and R. Hazama and Heeger, \{K. M.\} and Heintzelman, \{W. J.\} and J. Heise and Helmer, \{R. L.\} and Hemingway, \{R. J.\} and A. Hime and Howe, \{M. A.\} and P. Jagam and Jelley, \{N. A.\} and Klein, \{J. R.\} and Kos, \{M. S.\} and Krumins, \{A. V.\} and T. Kutter and Kyba, \{C. C.M.\} and H. Labranche and R. Lange and J. Law and Lawson, \{I. T.\} and Lesko, \{K. T.\} and Leslie, \{J. R.\} and I. Levine and S. Luoma and R. MacLellan and S. Majerus and Mak, \{H. B.\} and J. Maneira and Marino, \{A. D.\} and N. McCauley and McDonald, \{A. B.\} and S. McGee and G. McGregor and C. Mifflin and Miknaitis, \{K. K.S.\} and Miller, \{G. G.\} and Moffat, \{B. A.\} and Nally, \{C. W.\} and Neubauer, \{M. S.\} and Nickel, \{B. G.\} and Noble, \{A. J.\} and Norman, \{E. B.\} and Oblath, \{N. S.\} and Okada, \{C. E.\} and Ollerhead, \{R. W.\} and Orrell, \{J. L.\} and Oser, \{S. M.\} and C. Ouellet and Peeters, \{S. J.M.\} and Poon, \{A. W.P.\} and Robertson, \{B. C.\} and Robertson, \{R. G.H.\} and E. Rollin and Rosendahl, \{S. S.E.\} and Rusu, \{V. L.\} and Schwendener, \{M. H.\} and O. Simard and Simpson, \{J. J.\} and Sims, \{C. J.\} and D. Sinclair and P. Skensved and Smith, \{M. W.E.\} and N. Starinsky and Stokstad, \{R. G.\} and Stonehill, \{L. C.\} and R. Tafirout and Y. Takeuchi and G. Te{\v s}i{\'c} and M. Thomson and M. Thorman and \{van Berg\}, R. and \{van de Water\}, \{R. G.\} and Virtue, \{C. J.\} and Wall, \{B. L.\} and D. Waller and Waltham, \{C. E.\} and \{Wan Chan Tseung\}, H. and Wark, \{D. L.\} and N. West and Wilhelmy, \{J. B.\} and Wilkerson, \{J. F.\} and Wilson, \{J. R.\} and P. Wittich and Wouters, \{J. M.\} and M. Yeh and K. Zuber",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by NSERC, Industry Canada, NRC, Northern Ontario Heritage Fund, Inco, AECL, Ontario Power Generation, HPCVL, CRC (Canada); by Department of Energy (United States); and by PPARC (United Kingdom). We thank the SNO technical staff for their strong contributions.",

year = "2004",

month = mar,

day = "12",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.102004",

language = "English",

volume = "92",

pages = "102004--1--102004--4",

number = "10",

}

Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Biller, SD, Boger, J, Boulay, MG, Bowler, MG, Bowles, TJ, Brice, SJ, Bullard, TV, Chan, YD, Chen, M, Chen, X, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Dalnoki-Veress, F, Doe, PJ, Dosanjh, RS, Doucas, G, Dragowsky, MR, Duba, CA, Duncan, FA, Dunford, M, Dunmore, JA, Earle, ED, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Formaggio, JA, Fowler, MM, Frame, K, Frati, W, Fulsom, BG, Gagnon, N, Graham, K, Grant, DR, Hahn, RL, Hall, JC, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Hamer, AS, Handler, WB, Hargrove, CK, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heeger, KM, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hemingway, RJ, Hime, A, Howe, MA, Jagam, P, Jelley, NA, Klein, JR, Kos, MS, Krumins, AV, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labranche, H, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Luoma, S, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Marino, AD, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, S, McGregor, G, Mifflin, C, Miknaitis, KKS, Miller, GG, Moffat, BA, Nally, CW, Neubauer, MS, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, Norman, EB, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Ouellet, C, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Robertson, BC, Robertson, RGH, Rollin, E, Rosendahl, SSE, Rusu, VL, Schwendener, MH, Simard, O, Simpson, JJ, Sims, CJ, Sinclair, D, Skensved, P, Smith, MWE, Starinsky, N, Stokstad, RG, Stonehill, LC, Tafirout, R, Takeuchi, Y, Tešić, G, Thomson, M, Thorman, M, van Berg, R, van de Water, RG, Virtue, CJ, Wall, BL, Waller, D, Waltham, CE, Wan Chan Tseung, H, Wark, DL, West, N, Wilhelmy, JB, Wilkerson, JF, Wilson, JR, Wittich, P, Wouters, JM, Yeh, M & Zuber, K 2004, 'Constraints on Nucleon Decay via Invisible Modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory', Physical Review Letters, vol. 92, no. 10, 102004, pp. 102004-1-102004-4. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.102004

TY - JOUR

T1 - Constraints on Nucleon Decay via Invisible Modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

AU - Ahmed, S. N.

AU - Anthony, A. E.

AU - Beier, E. W.

AU - Bellerive, A.

AU - Biller, S. D.

AU - Boger, J.

AU - Boulay, M. G.

AU - Bowler, M. G.

AU - Bowles, T. J.

AU - Brice, S. J.

AU - Bullard, T. V.

AU - Chan, Y. D.

AU - Chen, M.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Cleveland, B. T.

AU - Cox, G. A.

AU - Dai, X.

AU - Dalnoki-Veress, F.

AU - Doe, P. J.

AU - Dosanjh, R. S.

AU - Doucas, G.

AU - Dragowsky, M. R.

AU - Duba, C. A.

AU - Duncan, F. A.

AU - Dunford, M.

AU - Dunmore, J. A.

AU - Earle, E. D.

AU - Elliott, S. R.

AU - Evans, H. C.

AU - Ewan, G. T.

AU - Farine, J.

AU - Fergani, H.

AU - Fleurot, F.

AU - Formaggio, J. A.

AU - Fowler, M. M.

AU - Frame, K.

AU - Frati, W.

AU - Fulsom, B. G.

AU - Gagnon, N.

AU - Graham, K.

AU - Grant, D. R.

AU - Hahn, R. L.

AU - Hall, J. C.

AU - Hallin, A. L.

AU - Hallman, E. D.

AU - Hamer, A. S.

AU - Handler, W. B.

AU - Hargrove, C. K.

AU - Harvey, P. J.

AU - Hazama, R.

AU - Heeger, K. M.

AU - Heintzelman, W. J.

AU - Heise, J.

AU - Helmer, R. L.

AU - Hemingway, R. J.

AU - Hime, A.

AU - Howe, M. A.

AU - Jagam, P.

AU - Jelley, N. A.

AU - Klein, J. R.

AU - Kos, M. S.

AU - Krumins, A. V.

AU - Kutter, T.

AU - Kyba, C. C.M.

AU - Labranche, H.

AU - Lange, R.

AU - Law, J.

AU - Lawson, I. T.

AU - Lesko, K. T.

AU - Leslie, J. R.

AU - Levine, I.

AU - Luoma, S.

AU - MacLellan, R.

AU - Majerus, S.

AU - Mak, H. B.

AU - Maneira, J.

AU - Marino, A. D.

AU - McCauley, N.

AU - McDonald, A. B.

AU - McGee, S.

AU - McGregor, G.

AU - Mifflin, C.

AU - Miknaitis, K. K.S.

AU - Miller, G. G.

AU - Moffat, B. A.

AU - Nally, C. W.

AU - Neubauer, M. S.

AU - Nickel, B. G.

AU - Noble, A. J.

AU - Norman, E. B.

AU - Oblath, N. S.

AU - Okada, C. E.

AU - Ollerhead, R. W.

AU - Orrell, J. L.

AU - Oser, S. M.

AU - Ouellet, C.

AU - Peeters, S. J.M.

AU - Poon, A. W.P.

AU - Robertson, B. C.

AU - Robertson, R. G.H.

AU - Rollin, E.

AU - Rosendahl, S. S.E.

AU - Rusu, V. L.

AU - Schwendener, M. H.

AU - Simard, O.

AU - Simpson, J. J.

AU - Sims, C. J.

AU - Sinclair, D.

AU - Skensved, P.

AU - Smith, M. W.E.

AU - Starinsky, N.

AU - Stokstad, R. G.

AU - Stonehill, L. C.

AU - Tafirout, R.

AU - Takeuchi, Y.

AU - Tešić, G.

AU - Thomson, M.

AU - Thorman, M.

AU - van Berg, R.

AU - van de Water, R. G.

AU - Virtue, C. J.

AU - Wall, B. L.

AU - Waller, D.

AU - Waltham, C. E.

AU - Wan Chan Tseung, H.

AU - Wark, D. L.

AU - West, N.

AU - Wilhelmy, J. B.

AU - Wilkerson, J. F.

AU - Wilson, J. R.

AU - Wittich, P.

AU - Wouters, J. M.

AU - Yeh, M.

AU - Zuber, K.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by NSERC, Industry Canada, NRC, Northern Ontario Heritage Fund, Inco, AECL, Ontario Power Generation, HPCVL, CRC (Canada); by Department of Energy (United States); and by PPARC (United Kingdom). We thank the SNO technical staff for their strong contributions.

PY - 2004/3/12

Y1 - 2004/3/12

N2 - The constraints on nucleon decay to 'invisible' modes such as n → 3v were investigated using data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. The investigation was based on γ rays obtained from residual nucleus deexcitation on disappearance of either proton or neutron from 16O. An upper limit was deduced for γ ray decay greater than 90% confidence level for proton decay. This was found more stringent than previous constraints on invisible proton-decay modes.

AB - The constraints on nucleon decay to 'invisible' modes such as n → 3v were investigated using data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. The investigation was based on γ rays obtained from residual nucleus deexcitation on disappearance of either proton or neutron from 16O. An upper limit was deduced for γ ray decay greater than 90% confidence level for proton decay. This was found more stringent than previous constraints on invisible proton-decay modes.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/11144357336

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/11144357336#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.102004

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.102004

M3 - Article

C2 - 15089201

AN - SCOPUS:11144357336

SN - 0031-9007

VL - 92

SP - 102004-1-102004-4

JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

IS - 10

M1 - 102004

ER -

Constraints on Nucleon Decay via Invisible Modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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