TY - JOUR
T1 - Developing a research diagnostic criteria for burning mouth syndrome
T2 - Results from an international Delphi process
AU - Currie, Charlotte C.
AU - Ohrbach, Richard
AU - De Leeuw, Reny
AU - Forssell, Heli
AU - Imamura, Yoshiki
AU - Jääskeläinen, Satu K.
AU - Koutris, Michail
AU - Nasri-Heir, Cibele
AU - Huann, Tan
AU - Renton, Tara
AU - Svensson, Peter
AU - Durham, Justin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Objective: To develop a beta version of a preliminary set of empirically derived research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for burning mouth syndrome (BMS) through expert consensus, which can then be taken into a test period before publication of a final RDC/BMS. Design: A 6 round Delphi process with twelve experts in the field of BMS was used. The first round formed a focus group during which the purpose of the RDC and the definition of BMS was agreed upon, as well as the structure and contents. The remaining rounds were carried out virtually via email to achieve a consensus of the beta version of the RDC/BMS. Results: The definition of BMS was agreed to be ‘an intraoral burning or dysaesthetic sensation, recurring daily for more than 2 hours per day over more than 3 months, without evident causative lesions on clinical examination and investigation’. The RDC was based upon the already developed and validated RDC/TMD and formed three main parts: patient self-report; examination; and psychosocial self-report. A fourth additional part was also developed listing aspirational biomarkers which could be used as part of the BMS diagnosis where available, or to inform future research. Conclusion: This Delphi process has created a beta version of an RDC for use with BMS. This will allow future clinical research within BMS to be carried out to a higher standard, ensuring only patients with true BMS are included. Further validation studies will be required alongside refinement of the RDC as trialling progresses.
AB - Objective: To develop a beta version of a preliminary set of empirically derived research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for burning mouth syndrome (BMS) through expert consensus, which can then be taken into a test period before publication of a final RDC/BMS. Design: A 6 round Delphi process with twelve experts in the field of BMS was used. The first round formed a focus group during which the purpose of the RDC and the definition of BMS was agreed upon, as well as the structure and contents. The remaining rounds were carried out virtually via email to achieve a consensus of the beta version of the RDC/BMS. Results: The definition of BMS was agreed to be ‘an intraoral burning or dysaesthetic sensation, recurring daily for more than 2 hours per day over more than 3 months, without evident causative lesions on clinical examination and investigation’. The RDC was based upon the already developed and validated RDC/TMD and formed three main parts: patient self-report; examination; and psychosocial self-report. A fourth additional part was also developed listing aspirational biomarkers which could be used as part of the BMS diagnosis where available, or to inform future research. Conclusion: This Delphi process has created a beta version of an RDC for use with BMS. This will allow future clinical research within BMS to be carried out to a higher standard, ensuring only patients with true BMS are included. Further validation studies will be required alongside refinement of the RDC as trialling progresses.
KW - burning mouth syndrome
KW - oral dysaesthesia glossodynia
KW - orofacial pain
KW - research diagnostic criteria
KW - stomatodynia
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U2 - 10.1111/joor.13123
DO - 10.1111/joor.13123
M3 - Article
C2 - 33155292
AN - SCOPUS:85096699202
SN - 0305-182X
VL - 48
SP - 308
EP - 331
JO - Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
JF - Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
IS - 3
ER -