Abstract
A Diffusive Gradients in Thin-Films (DGT) passive sampling technique was developed for microcystin-LR (MC-LR), one of the most common and toxic microcystins. Three types of resins (HP20, SP700, and XAD18) were evaluated for MC-LR uptake kinetics, capacities, and extraction efficiencies and simple procedures were developed for determining MC-LR concentration in binding disc extracts by Adda-ELISA (U.S. EPA Method 546). The XAD18-DGT/Adda-ELISA method had a 7-d deployment time detection limit of ≈0.05 μg/L and capacity of >250 μg/L of MC-LR in water samples which encompass U.S. EPA and WHO advisory concentrations for drinking and recreational waters. The XAD18-DGT/Adda-ELISA method determined time-averaged MC-LR concentrations in waters with wide ranging pH (4.9–8.3) and ionic strength (0.04–0.8 M) under well-stirred and quiescent conditions with 90–101% accuracy. In addition to high sensitivity and accuracy, the method is simple, inexpensive, and applicable for determining MC-LR and related MCs concentrations in waterbodies with wide ranging chemical characteristics and hydrodynamic conditions.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 101668 |
Journal | Harmful Algae |
Volume | 89 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords
- Adda-enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA)
- Algal toxins
- Diffusive boundary layer (DBL)
- Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT)
- Passive sampling
- U.S. EPA method 546
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Aquatic Science
- Plant Science