Differential effects of phenylbutazone and local anesthetics on nociception in the equine

Steven G. Kamerling; David J. Dequick; Timothy J. Weckman; Frederick P. Sprinkle; Thomas Tobin

doi:10.1016/0014-2999(84)90088-8

Differential effects of phenylbutazone and local anesthetics on nociception in the equine

Steven G. Kamerling, David J. Dequick, Timothy J. Weckman, Frederick P. Sprinkle, Thomas Tobin

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

21 Scopus citations

Abstract

The effects of procaine, mepivacaine and phenylbutzone on pain perception in the equine were studied using two behavioral assays of nociception; the thermal evoked hoof withdrawal reflex and skin twitch reflex. Pain perception threshold was measured as the latency from onset of thermal stimuli to reflex withdrawal of the forelimb or contraction of the cutaneous musculature. Procaine 2% and mepuvacaine 2% prolonged the hoof withdrawal reflex latency when administered locally by producing a block of the palmar and metacarpal nerves. Significant analgesia lasted 90 min and 210 min for procaine and mepivacaine, respectively. Phenylbutzaone (7.3 mg/kg) failed to alter pain thresholds measured over a 36 h post-treatment period. However, pain thresholds rose over time with successive trials. These data suggest that in the equine (1) phenylbutazone does not alter normal cutaneous pain perception, and (2) successive presentation of painful stimuli increases nociceptive thresholds.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	35-41
Number of pages	7
Journal	European Journal of Pharmacology
Volume	107
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(84)90088-8
State	Published - Dec 15 1984

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Considerable debate surrounds the use of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as pre-race medication in the racing equine. The basis for this debate stems from the contention that NSAIDs such as phenylbutazone (PBZ) alter pain perception (nociception) and consequently * Supported by a grant from the Kentucky Equine Drug Research Council and the Kentucky State Racing Commis-sion. Published as Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Sta-tion Article 83-4-243, with the approval of the Dean and Director, College of Agriculture and Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. Publication No. 98 from the Kentucky Equine Drug Testing and Research Programs and the De-partment of Veterinary Science. ** To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Depart-ment of Veterinary Science, Animal Pathology Building, Room 107, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, U.S.A.

Funding

Considerable debate surrounds the use of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as pre-race medication in the racing equine. The basis for this debate stems from the contention that NSAIDs such as phenylbutazone (PBZ) alter pain perception (nociception) and consequently * Supported by a grant from the Kentucky Equine Drug Research Council and the Kentucky State Racing Commis-sion. Published as Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Sta-tion Article 83-4-243, with the approval of the Dean and Director, College of Agriculture and Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. Publication No. 98 from the Kentucky Equine Drug Testing and Research Programs and the De-partment of Veterinary Science. ** To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Depart-ment of Veterinary Science, Animal Pathology Building, Room 107, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, U.S.A.

Funders	Funder number
Equine Drug Research Council of the Kentucky Horse Racing Commission
Kentucky State Racing Commis-sion

Keywords

Analgesic
Equine
Mepivacaine
Nociception
Pain
Phenylbutazone
Procaine

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pharmacology

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10.1016/0014-2999(84)90088-8

Cite this

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title = "Differential effects of phenylbutazone and local anesthetics on nociception in the equine",

abstract = "The effects of procaine, mepivacaine and phenylbutzone on pain perception in the equine were studied using two behavioral assays of nociception; the thermal evoked hoof withdrawal reflex and skin twitch reflex. Pain perception threshold was measured as the latency from onset of thermal stimuli to reflex withdrawal of the forelimb or contraction of the cutaneous musculature. Procaine 2% and mepuvacaine 2% prolonged the hoof withdrawal reflex latency when administered locally by producing a block of the palmar and metacarpal nerves. Significant analgesia lasted 90 min and 210 min for procaine and mepivacaine, respectively. Phenylbutzaone (7.3 mg/kg) failed to alter pain thresholds measured over a 36 h post-treatment period. However, pain thresholds rose over time with successive trials. These data suggest that in the equine (1) phenylbutazone does not alter normal cutaneous pain perception, and (2) successive presentation of painful stimuli increases nociceptive thresholds.",

keywords = "Analgesic, Equine, Mepivacaine, Nociception, Pain, Phenylbutazone, Procaine",

author = "Kamerling, {Steven G.} and Dequick, {David J.} and Weckman, {Timothy J.} and Sprinkle, {Frederick P.} and Thomas Tobin",

note = "Funding Information: Considerable debate surrounds the use of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as pre-race medication in the racing equine. The basis for this debate stems from the contention that NSAIDs such as phenylbutazone (PBZ) alter pain perception (nociception) and consequently * Supported by a grant from the Kentucky Equine Drug Research Council and the Kentucky State Racing Commis-sion. Published as Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Sta-tion Article 83-4-243, with the approval of the Dean and Director, College of Agriculture and Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. Publication No. 98 from the Kentucky Equine Drug Testing and Research Programs and the De-partment of Veterinary Science. ** To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Depart-ment of Veterinary Science, Animal Pathology Building, Room 107, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, U.S.A.",

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AU - Tobin, Thomas

N1 - Funding Information: Considerable debate surrounds the use of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as pre-race medication in the racing equine. The basis for this debate stems from the contention that NSAIDs such as phenylbutazone (PBZ) alter pain perception (nociception) and consequently * Supported by a grant from the Kentucky Equine Drug Research Council and the Kentucky State Racing Commis-sion. Published as Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Sta-tion Article 83-4-243, with the approval of the Dean and Director, College of Agriculture and Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. Publication No. 98 from the Kentucky Equine Drug Testing and Research Programs and the De-partment of Veterinary Science. ** To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Depart-ment of Veterinary Science, Animal Pathology Building, Room 107, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, U.S.A.

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N2 - The effects of procaine, mepivacaine and phenylbutzone on pain perception in the equine were studied using two behavioral assays of nociception; the thermal evoked hoof withdrawal reflex and skin twitch reflex. Pain perception threshold was measured as the latency from onset of thermal stimuli to reflex withdrawal of the forelimb or contraction of the cutaneous musculature. Procaine 2% and mepuvacaine 2% prolonged the hoof withdrawal reflex latency when administered locally by producing a block of the palmar and metacarpal nerves. Significant analgesia lasted 90 min and 210 min for procaine and mepivacaine, respectively. Phenylbutzaone (7.3 mg/kg) failed to alter pain thresholds measured over a 36 h post-treatment period. However, pain thresholds rose over time with successive trials. These data suggest that in the equine (1) phenylbutazone does not alter normal cutaneous pain perception, and (2) successive presentation of painful stimuli increases nociceptive thresholds.

AB - The effects of procaine, mepivacaine and phenylbutzone on pain perception in the equine were studied using two behavioral assays of nociception; the thermal evoked hoof withdrawal reflex and skin twitch reflex. Pain perception threshold was measured as the latency from onset of thermal stimuli to reflex withdrawal of the forelimb or contraction of the cutaneous musculature. Procaine 2% and mepuvacaine 2% prolonged the hoof withdrawal reflex latency when administered locally by producing a block of the palmar and metacarpal nerves. Significant analgesia lasted 90 min and 210 min for procaine and mepivacaine, respectively. Phenylbutzaone (7.3 mg/kg) failed to alter pain thresholds measured over a 36 h post-treatment period. However, pain thresholds rose over time with successive trials. These data suggest that in the equine (1) phenylbutazone does not alter normal cutaneous pain perception, and (2) successive presentation of painful stimuli increases nociceptive thresholds.

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Differential effects of phenylbutazone and local anesthetics on nociception in the equine

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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