Distribution System Optimal Operation of Smart Homes with Battery and Equivalent HVAC Energy Storage for Virtual Power Plant Controls

Steven B. Poore; Rosemary E. Alden; Evan S. Jones; Dan M. Ionel

doi:10.1109/ECCE53617.2023.10362535

Distribution System Optimal Operation of Smart Homes with Battery and Equivalent HVAC Energy Storage for Virtual Power Plant Controls

Steven B. Poore
, Rosemary E. Alden
, Evan S. Jones
, Dan M. Ionel

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Battery energy storage systems (BESS) that can be utilized for demand response (DR) and load shifting are limited in adoption by high capital cost. Large residential loads such as electric water heaters (EWH) and heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) may be controlled using distributed energy resource management systems (DERMS) to perform functions like batteries, such as reducing cost and decreasing energy storage capacity requirements when implemented at the aggregate level. Increasing levels of renewable generation further incentivizes shifting loads in time through controls and energy storage to reduce curtailment and carbon footprint. This paper proposes techniques for the optimization and control of distributed energy resources (DER) using DERMS. The CTA-2045 standard, an industry communications protocol, is used for generalized energy storage (GES) controls and operations. A case study is conducted to compare discharging of residential BESS with HVAC equivalent energy storage controls and electric vehicles (EV) on a distribution feeder with over 350 houses, realistic load profiles, and home characteristics. It is shown that HVAC setpoint controls for pre-cooling through "load-up"and "shed"commands may successfully reduce evening peak load.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023
Pages	598-603
Number of pages	6
ISBN (Electronic)	9798350316445
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE53617.2023.10362535
State	Published - 2023
Event	2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023 - Nashville, United States Duration: Oct 29 2023 → Nov 2 2023

Publication series

Name	2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023

Conference

Conference	2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023
Country/Territory	United States
City	Nashville
Period	10/29/23 → 11/2/23

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 IEEE.

Funding

This paper is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Award No. 1936131, including an REU supplement, and under NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Grant No. 1839289. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF. The support of Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and of the University of Kentucky L. Stanley Pigman Chair in Power Endowment is gratefully acknowledged.

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project Oak Ridge National Laboratory Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment National Science Foundation National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center National Natural Science Foundation of China	1936131, 1839289
U.S. Department of Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project Oak Ridge National Laboratory Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment National Science Foundation National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center National Natural Science Foundation of China

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Battery energy storage systems (BESS)
CTA-2045
Distributed energy resources (DER)
Electric vehicles (EV)
Generalized energy storage (GES)
OpenDSS
Renewable energy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1109/ECCE53617.2023.10362535

Cite this

Poore, S. B., Alden, R. E., Jones, E. S., & Ionel, D. M. (2023). Distribution System Optimal Operation of Smart Homes with Battery and Equivalent HVAC Energy Storage for Virtual Power Plant Controls. In 2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023 (pp. 598-603). (2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023). https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE53617.2023.10362535

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abstract = "Battery energy storage systems (BESS) that can be utilized for demand response (DR) and load shifting are limited in adoption by high capital cost. Large residential loads such as electric water heaters (EWH) and heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) may be controlled using distributed energy resource management systems (DERMS) to perform functions like batteries, such as reducing cost and decreasing energy storage capacity requirements when implemented at the aggregate level. Increasing levels of renewable generation further incentivizes shifting loads in time through controls and energy storage to reduce curtailment and carbon footprint. This paper proposes techniques for the optimization and control of distributed energy resources (DER) using DERMS. The CTA-2045 standard, an industry communications protocol, is used for generalized energy storage (GES) controls and operations. A case study is conducted to compare discharging of residential BESS with HVAC equivalent energy storage controls and electric vehicles (EV) on a distribution feeder with over 350 houses, realistic load profiles, and home characteristics. It is shown that HVAC setpoint controls for pre-cooling through {"}load-up{"}and {"}shed{"}commands may successfully reduce evening peak load.",

keywords = "Battery energy storage systems (BESS), CTA-2045, Distributed energy resources (DER), Electric vehicles (EV), Generalized energy storage (GES), OpenDSS, Renewable energy",

author = "Poore, \{Steven B.\} and Alden, \{Rosemary E.\} and Jones, \{Evan S.\} and Ionel, \{Dan M.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 IEEE.; 2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023 ; Conference date: 29-10-2023 Through 02-11-2023",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.1109/ECCE53617.2023.10362535",

language = "English",

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Poore, SB, Alden, RE, Jones, ES & Ionel, DM 2023, Distribution System Optimal Operation of Smart Homes with Battery and Equivalent HVAC Energy Storage for Virtual Power Plant Controls. in 2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023. 2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023, pp. 598-603, 2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023, Nashville, United States, 10/29/23. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE53617.2023.10362535

Distribution System Optimal Operation of Smart Homes with Battery and Equivalent HVAC Energy Storage for Virtual Power Plant Controls. / Poore, Steven B.; Alden, Rosemary E.; Jones, Evan S. et al.
2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023. 2023. p. 598-603 (2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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AU - Jones, Evan S.

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Distribution System Optimal Operation of Smart Homes with Battery and Equivalent HVAC Energy Storage for Virtual Power Plant Controls

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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Cite this