TY - JOUR
T1 - Does supplemental photodynamic therapy optimize the disinfection of bacteria and endotoxins in one-visit and two-visit root canal therapy? A randomized clinical trial
AU - Rabello, Diego G.D.
AU - Corazza, Bruna J.M.
AU - Ferreira, Luciana L.
AU - Santamaria, Mauro P.
AU - Gomes, Ana P.M.
AU - Martinho, Frederico C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2017/9
Y1 - 2017/9
N2 - Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of supplemental photodynamic therapy (PDT) in optimizing the removal of bacteria and endotoxins from primarily infected root canals after one-visit and two-visit treatments. Methodology Twenty-four primarily infected root canals with apical periodontitis were selected and randomly divided into one-visit (n = 12) and two-visit treatment groups (n = 12). Chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) was performed by using the single-file reciprocating technique + 2.5% NaOCL and a final rinse with 17% EDTA. The photosensitizer agent (methylene blue 0.1 mg/mL) was applied to root canals for 60 s before application of laser with a potency of 60 mW and energy density of 129 J/cm2 for 120 s after CMP in the one-visit treatment and after 14-day inter-appointment medication with Ca(OH)2 + Saline solution (SSL) in the two-visit treatment. Samples were collected before and after root canal procedures. Endotoxins were quantified by chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Culture techniques were used to determine bacterial colony-forming unit counts. Results Bacteria and endotoxins were detected in 100% of the initial samples, with median values of 1.97 × 105 CFU/mL and 24.983 EU/mL, respectively. The CMP using single-file reciprocating technique was effective in the reduction of bacteria and endotoxins (All, p < 0.05). The supplemental PDT was effective in reducing bacterial load in the one-visit (p < 0.05) but not in the two-visit treatment after use of Ca(OH)2 medication for 14 days (p > 0.05). In the two-visit group, after 14 days of inter-appointment medication with Ca(OH)2, a significant reduction in the median levels of endotoxins was found in comparison to CMP alone (from 1.041 to 0.094 EU/mL) (p < 0.05). Despite the type of treatment, the supplemental PDT was not effective against endotoxins (p > 0.05). Conclusions The photodynamic therapy optimized the disinfection of bacteria from root canals in one-visit but not for two visit treatment modality with the accomplishment of calcium hydroxide medication. Despite the type of treatment, the supplemental PDT was not effective against endotoxins.
AB - Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of supplemental photodynamic therapy (PDT) in optimizing the removal of bacteria and endotoxins from primarily infected root canals after one-visit and two-visit treatments. Methodology Twenty-four primarily infected root canals with apical periodontitis were selected and randomly divided into one-visit (n = 12) and two-visit treatment groups (n = 12). Chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) was performed by using the single-file reciprocating technique + 2.5% NaOCL and a final rinse with 17% EDTA. The photosensitizer agent (methylene blue 0.1 mg/mL) was applied to root canals for 60 s before application of laser with a potency of 60 mW and energy density of 129 J/cm2 for 120 s after CMP in the one-visit treatment and after 14-day inter-appointment medication with Ca(OH)2 + Saline solution (SSL) in the two-visit treatment. Samples were collected before and after root canal procedures. Endotoxins were quantified by chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Culture techniques were used to determine bacterial colony-forming unit counts. Results Bacteria and endotoxins were detected in 100% of the initial samples, with median values of 1.97 × 105 CFU/mL and 24.983 EU/mL, respectively. The CMP using single-file reciprocating technique was effective in the reduction of bacteria and endotoxins (All, p < 0.05). The supplemental PDT was effective in reducing bacterial load in the one-visit (p < 0.05) but not in the two-visit treatment after use of Ca(OH)2 medication for 14 days (p > 0.05). In the two-visit group, after 14 days of inter-appointment medication with Ca(OH)2, a significant reduction in the median levels of endotoxins was found in comparison to CMP alone (from 1.041 to 0.094 EU/mL) (p < 0.05). Despite the type of treatment, the supplemental PDT was not effective against endotoxins (p > 0.05). Conclusions The photodynamic therapy optimized the disinfection of bacteria from root canals in one-visit but not for two visit treatment modality with the accomplishment of calcium hydroxide medication. Despite the type of treatment, the supplemental PDT was not effective against endotoxins.
KW - Bacteria
KW - Disinfection
KW - Endodontics
KW - Endotoxins
KW - Photodynamic Therapy
KW - Root Canal
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85021705362&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85021705362&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.06.005
DO - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.06.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 28619613
AN - SCOPUS:85021705362
SN - 1572-1000
VL - 19
SP - 205
EP - 211
JO - Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
JF - Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
ER -