TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of chewing gum containing Xylitol and blackberry powder on oral bacteria
T2 - A randomized controlled crossover trial
AU - Miller, Craig S.
AU - Danaher, Robert J.
AU - Kirakodu, Sree
AU - Carlson, Charles R.
AU - Mumper, Russell J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - Objective: The aim was to determine the effect of chewing gum containing xylitol and freeze-dried blackberry powder on oral bacteria. Design: This was a randomized, controlled, cross-over study (RCT #: NCT05133557). Fifty participants chewed gum over an 8 h period, four times for 20 min at 2-hour intervals, containing 700 mg xylitol (CG) with or without 50 mg blackberry powder (BG), while wearing a stent containing a sterile enamel chip. After a 1 week washout, participants chewed gum from the other group following the same protocol. The primary outcome was the amount of nine oral bacteria in saliva as determined by quantitative PCR. The secondary outcome was bacteria formed on enamel chips. Results: Chewing BG for four twenty-minute intervals reduced mean total bacteria load and the relative abundance of six of the nine bacteria studied in saliva (p < 0.05). In comparison, only four bacteria were reduced in abundance in the CG group. After gum chewing and regardless of group, S. sanguinis and A. naeslundii were the predominant bacteria adherent to enamel, with S. mutans representing < 1 % of the total bacteria on enamel. Conclusion: Bacterial loads in saliva were rapidly, differentially, and significantly reduced after one day of chewing BG.
AB - Objective: The aim was to determine the effect of chewing gum containing xylitol and freeze-dried blackberry powder on oral bacteria. Design: This was a randomized, controlled, cross-over study (RCT #: NCT05133557). Fifty participants chewed gum over an 8 h period, four times for 20 min at 2-hour intervals, containing 700 mg xylitol (CG) with or without 50 mg blackberry powder (BG), while wearing a stent containing a sterile enamel chip. After a 1 week washout, participants chewed gum from the other group following the same protocol. The primary outcome was the amount of nine oral bacteria in saliva as determined by quantitative PCR. The secondary outcome was bacteria formed on enamel chips. Results: Chewing BG for four twenty-minute intervals reduced mean total bacteria load and the relative abundance of six of the nine bacteria studied in saliva (p < 0.05). In comparison, only four bacteria were reduced in abundance in the CG group. After gum chewing and regardless of group, S. sanguinis and A. naeslundii were the predominant bacteria adherent to enamel, with S. mutans representing < 1 % of the total bacteria on enamel. Conclusion: Bacterial loads in saliva were rapidly, differentially, and significantly reduced after one day of chewing BG.
KW - Bacteria
KW - Chewing gum
KW - Dental caries
KW - Microbiota
KW - Saliva
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U2 - 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105523
DO - 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105523
M3 - Article
C2 - 36037565
AN - SCOPUS:85136570783
SN - 0003-9969
VL - 143
JO - Archives of Oral Biology
JF - Archives of Oral Biology
M1 - 105523
ER -