Effect of diabetes self-efficacy on glycemic control, medication adherence, self-care behaviors, and quality of life in a predominantly low-income, minority population

Rebekah J. Walker, Brittany L. Smalls, Melba A. Hernandez-Tejada, Jennifer A. Campbell, Leonard E. Egede

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

97 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: This study examined the effect of self-efficacy on glycemic control, self-care behaviors, and quality of life in low-income, minority adults with diabetes. Methods: Data on 378 participants were examined. Multiple linear regression assessed associations between self-efficacy, hemoglobin A1c, medication adherence, diabetes knowledge, self-care behaviors and quality of life. Results: Self-efficacy had modest correlations with glycemic control (r= 2.250, P<.001), medication adherence (r= 2.352, P<.001), diabetes knowledge (r= .118, P=.039), diet (r= .420, P<.001), exercise (r= .220, P<.001), blood sugar testing (r= .213, P<.001), foot care (r= .121, P=.032), and mental health related quality of life (r= .137, P=.017). In the regression model, self-efficacy was significantly associated with glycemic control (β= 2.104, 95% CI: 2.157, 2.051), medication adherence (β= 2.067, 95% CI: 2.090, 2.044), diet (β=.150, 95% CI: .108, .191), exercise (β=.113, 95% CI: .065, .161), blood sugar testing (β=.107, 95% CI: .049, .164) and mental health related quality of life (β=.112, 95% CI: .051, .173). Conclusion: Higher self-efficacy was associated with improved glycemic control, medication adherence, self-care behavior and mental health related quality of life. Practice Implications: Emphasis on self-efficacy is relevant for educational interventions developed for low-income, minority populations.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)349-355
Number of pages7
JournalEthnicity and Disease
Volume24
Issue number3
StatePublished - 2014

Keywords

  • Diabetes self-efficacy
  • Glycemic control
  • Low-income population
  • Medication adherence
  • Quality of life
  • Self-care behaviors
  • Type 2 diabetes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Epidemiology

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