TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of ganciclovir on IL-6 levels among cytomegalovirus-seropositive adults with critical illness
T2 - A randomized clinical trial
AU - Limaye, Ajit P.
AU - Stapleton, Renee D.
AU - Peng, Lili
AU - Gunn, Scott R.
AU - Kimball, Louise E.
AU - Hyzy, Robert
AU - Exline, Matthew C.
AU - Files, D. Clark
AU - Morris, Peter E.
AU - Frankel, Stephen K.
AU - Mikkelsen, Mark E.
AU - Hite, Duncan
AU - Enfield, Kyle B.
AU - Steingrub, Jay
AU - O’Brien, James
AU - Parsons, Polly E.
AU - Cuschieri, Joseph
AU - Wunderink, Richard G.
AU - Hotchkin, David L.
AU - Chen, Ying Q.
AU - Rubenfeld, Gordon D.
AU - Boeckh, Michael
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/8/22
Y1 - 2017/8/22
N2 - IMPORTANCE: The role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation in mediating adverse clinical outcomes in nonimmunosuppressed adults with critical illness is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether ganciclovir prophylaxis reduces plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in CMV-seropositive adults who are critically ill. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial (conducted March 10, 2011-April 29, 2016) with a follow-up of 180 days (November 10, 2016) that included 160 CMV-seropositive adults with either sepsis or trauma and respiratory failure at 14 university intensive care units (ICUs) across the United States. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either intravenous ganciclovir (5 mg/kg twice daily for 5 days), followed by either intravenous ganciclovir or oral valganciclovir once daily until hospital discharge (n = 84) or to receive matching placebo (n = 76). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was change in IL-6 level from day 1 to 14. Secondary outcomes were incidence of CMV reactivation in plasma, mechanical ventilation days, incidence of secondary bacteremia or fungemia, ICU length of stay, mortality, and ventilator-free days (VFDs) at 28 days. RESULTS: Among 160 randomized patients (mean age, 57 years; women, 43%), 156 received 1 or more dose(s) of treatment, and 132 (85%) completed the study. The mean between-group change in IL-6 level was not significantly different. Among secondary outcomes, CMV reactivation in plasma was significantly lower in the ganciclovir group. The ganciclovir group had more VFDs in both the intention-to-treat population and in the prespecified sepsis subgroup. There were no significant between-group differences in other secondary outcomes. (Table Presented) CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among CMV-seropositive adults with critical illness due to sepsis or trauma, ganciclovir did not reduce IL-6 levels and the current study does not support routine clinical use of ganciclovir as a prophylactic agent in patients with sepsis. Additional research is necessary to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of CMV suppression in this setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01335932.
AB - IMPORTANCE: The role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation in mediating adverse clinical outcomes in nonimmunosuppressed adults with critical illness is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether ganciclovir prophylaxis reduces plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in CMV-seropositive adults who are critically ill. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial (conducted March 10, 2011-April 29, 2016) with a follow-up of 180 days (November 10, 2016) that included 160 CMV-seropositive adults with either sepsis or trauma and respiratory failure at 14 university intensive care units (ICUs) across the United States. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either intravenous ganciclovir (5 mg/kg twice daily for 5 days), followed by either intravenous ganciclovir or oral valganciclovir once daily until hospital discharge (n = 84) or to receive matching placebo (n = 76). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was change in IL-6 level from day 1 to 14. Secondary outcomes were incidence of CMV reactivation in plasma, mechanical ventilation days, incidence of secondary bacteremia or fungemia, ICU length of stay, mortality, and ventilator-free days (VFDs) at 28 days. RESULTS: Among 160 randomized patients (mean age, 57 years; women, 43%), 156 received 1 or more dose(s) of treatment, and 132 (85%) completed the study. The mean between-group change in IL-6 level was not significantly different. Among secondary outcomes, CMV reactivation in plasma was significantly lower in the ganciclovir group. The ganciclovir group had more VFDs in both the intention-to-treat population and in the prespecified sepsis subgroup. There were no significant between-group differences in other secondary outcomes. (Table Presented) CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among CMV-seropositive adults with critical illness due to sepsis or trauma, ganciclovir did not reduce IL-6 levels and the current study does not support routine clinical use of ganciclovir as a prophylactic agent in patients with sepsis. Additional research is necessary to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of CMV suppression in this setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01335932.
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U2 - 10.1001/jama.2017.10569
DO - 10.1001/jama.2017.10569
M3 - Article
C2 - 28829877
AN - SCOPUS:85028364374
SN - 0098-7484
VL - 318
SP - 731
EP - 740
JO - JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association
JF - JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association
IS - 8
ER -