Effect of lipopolysaccharide, leukocytes, and monoclonal anti-lipid a antibodies on erythrocyte membrane elastance

The micropipette aspiration technique was used to quantify membrane deformability of individual red blood cells (RBCs) before and after exposing whole blood and blood free of leukocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The ability of an anti-lipid A monoclonal antibody (E5) to inhibit the effects of LPS was also investigated. In the LPS/whole blood studies, a significant increase in elasticity modulus was observed following incubation with LPS. An increase in elasticity modulus indicates a decrease in RBC membrane deformability. The effect depended on the incubation time but was not concentration-dependent in the range studied (25, 40, or 170 µg/mL). When incubating blood free of leukocytes with LPS, the elasticity moduli of erythrocytes did not change. Results also showed that preincubation of the LPS with E5 prior to incubation with whole blood partially inhibited the effect of LPS, suggesting a possible mechanism of the beneficial actions of monoclonal antibodies in septic shock.