Effect of Palladium-Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine) Catalyst Traces on Charge Recombination and Extraction in Non-Fullerene-based Organic Solar Cells

Nora Schopp; Viktor V. Brus; Jaewon Lee; Alana Dixon; Akchheta Karki; Tuo Liu; Zhengxing Peng; Kenneth R. Graham; Harald Ade; Guillermo C. Bazan; Thuc Quyen Nguyen

doi:10.1002/adfm.202009363

Effect of Palladium-Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine) Catalyst Traces on Charge Recombination and Extraction in Non-Fullerene-based Organic Solar Cells

Nora Schopp, Viktor V. Brus, Jaewon Lee, Alana Dixon, Akchheta Karki, Tuo Liu, Zhengxing Peng, Kenneth R. Graham, Harald Ade, Guillermo C. Bazan, Thuc Quyen Nguyen

Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Citations (SciVal)

Abstract

The effect of the cross-coupling catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (Pd(PPh₃)₄) on the performance of a model organic bulk-heterojunction solar cell composed of a blend of poly([2,6′-4,8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)benzo[1,2-b;3,3-b]dithiophene]{3-fluoro-2[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl}) (PTB7-Th) donor and 3,9-bis(2-methylene-((3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-6,7-difluoro)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (IOTIC-4F) non-fullerene acceptor is investigated. The effect of intentional addition of different amounts of Pd(PPh₃)₄ on morphology, free charge carrier generation, non-geminate bulk trap- and surface trap-assisted recombination as well as bimolecular recombination and charge extraction is quantified. This work shows that free charge carrier generation is affected significantly, while the impact of Pd(PPh₃)₄ on non-geminate recombination processes is limited because the catalyst does not facilitate efficient trap-assisted recombination. The studied system shows substantial robustness towards the addition of Pd(PPh₃)₄ in small amounts.

Original language	English
Article number	2009363
Journal	Advanced Functional Materials
Volume	31
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202009363
State	Published - Apr 8 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grant #FA9550‐19‐1‐0348. Z.P. and H.A. were supported by an ONR grant N000141712204. X‐ray data acquired at beamlines 11.0.1.2 at the Advanced Light Source, LBNL, was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE‐AC02‐05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dr. Alexander Mikhailovsky for help with fluorescence data collection and for helpful discussions. The authors thank Max Schrock for help with high‐resolution surface morphology AFM measurements and James Hilfiger from J.A. Woollam Co., Inc. for assistance with the fitting of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Data.

Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grant #FA9550-19-1-0348. Z.P. and H.A. were supported by an ONR grant N000141712204. X-ray data acquired at beamlines 11.0.1.2 at the Advanced Light Source, LBNL, was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dr. Alexander Mikhailovsky for help with fluorescence data collection and for helpful discussions. The authors thank Max Schrock for help with high-resolution surface morphology AFM measurements and James Hilfiger from J.A. Woollam Co., Inc. for assistance with the fitting of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Data.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH

Keywords

catalyst traces
extraction
impurities
organic solar cells
recombination dynamics

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry (all)
Materials Science (all)
Condensed Matter Physics

Access to Document

10.1002/adfm.202009363

Cite this

Schopp, N., Brus, V. V., Lee, J., Dixon, A., Karki, A., Liu, T., Peng, Z., Graham, K. R., Ade, H., Bazan, G. C., & Nguyen, T. Q. (2021). Effect of Palladium-Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine) Catalyst Traces on Charge Recombination and Extraction in Non-Fullerene-based Organic Solar Cells. Advanced Functional Materials, 31(15), [2009363]. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202009363

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title = "Effect of Palladium-Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine) Catalyst Traces on Charge Recombination and Extraction in Non-Fullerene-based Organic Solar Cells",

abstract = "The effect of the cross-coupling catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (Pd(PPh3)4) on the performance of a model organic bulk-heterojunction solar cell composed of a blend of poly([2,6′-4,8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)benzo[1,2-b;3,3-b]dithiophene]{3-fluoro-2[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl}) (PTB7-Th) donor and 3,9-bis(2-methylene-((3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-6,7-difluoro)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (IOTIC-4F) non-fullerene acceptor is investigated. The effect of intentional addition of different amounts of Pd(PPh3)4 on morphology, free charge carrier generation, non-geminate bulk trap- and surface trap-assisted recombination as well as bimolecular recombination and charge extraction is quantified. This work shows that free charge carrier generation is affected significantly, while the impact of Pd(PPh3)4 on non-geminate recombination processes is limited because the catalyst does not facilitate efficient trap-assisted recombination. The studied system shows substantial robustness towards the addition of Pd(PPh3)4 in small amounts.",

keywords = "catalyst traces, extraction, impurities, organic solar cells, recombination dynamics",

author = "Nora Schopp and Brus, {Viktor V.} and Jaewon Lee and Alana Dixon and Akchheta Karki and Tuo Liu and Zhengxing Peng and Graham, {Kenneth R.} and Harald Ade and Bazan, {Guillermo C.} and Nguyen, {Thuc Quyen}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grant #FA9550‐19‐1‐0348. Z.P. and H.A. were supported by an ONR grant N000141712204. X‐ray data acquired at beamlines 11.0.1.2 at the Advanced Light Source, LBNL, was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE‐AC02‐05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dr. Alexander Mikhailovsky for help with fluorescence data collection and for helpful discussions. The authors thank Max Schrock for help with high‐resolution surface morphology AFM measurements and James Hilfiger from J.A. Woollam Co., Inc. for assistance with the fitting of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Data. Funding Information: The authors acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grant #FA9550-19-1-0348. Z.P. and H.A. were supported by an ONR grant N000141712204. X-ray data acquired at beamlines 11.0.1.2 at the Advanced Light Source, LBNL, was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dr. Alexander Mikhailovsky for help with fluorescence data collection and for helpful discussions. The authors thank Max Schrock for help with high-resolution surface morphology AFM measurements and James Hilfiger from J.A. Woollam Co., Inc. for assistance with the fitting of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Data. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH",

year = "2021",

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doi = "10.1002/adfm.202009363",

language = "English",

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T1 - Effect of Palladium-Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine) Catalyst Traces on Charge Recombination and Extraction in Non-Fullerene-based Organic Solar Cells

AU - Schopp, Nora

AU - Brus, Viktor V.

AU - Lee, Jaewon

AU - Dixon, Alana

AU - Karki, Akchheta

AU - Liu, Tuo

AU - Peng, Zhengxing

AU - Graham, Kenneth R.

AU - Ade, Harald

AU - Bazan, Guillermo C.

AU - Nguyen, Thuc Quyen

N1 - Funding Information: The authors acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grant #FA9550‐19‐1‐0348. Z.P. and H.A. were supported by an ONR grant N000141712204. X‐ray data acquired at beamlines 11.0.1.2 at the Advanced Light Source, LBNL, was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE‐AC02‐05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dr. Alexander Mikhailovsky for help with fluorescence data collection and for helpful discussions. The authors thank Max Schrock for help with high‐resolution surface morphology AFM measurements and James Hilfiger from J.A. Woollam Co., Inc. for assistance with the fitting of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Data. Funding Information: The authors acknowledge funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grant #FA9550-19-1-0348. Z.P. and H.A. were supported by an ONR grant N000141712204. X-ray data acquired at beamlines 11.0.1.2 at the Advanced Light Source, LBNL, was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dr. Alexander Mikhailovsky for help with fluorescence data collection and for helpful discussions. The authors thank Max Schrock for help with high-resolution surface morphology AFM measurements and James Hilfiger from J.A. Woollam Co., Inc. for assistance with the fitting of Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Data. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH

PY - 2021/4/8

Y1 - 2021/4/8

N2 - The effect of the cross-coupling catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (Pd(PPh3)4) on the performance of a model organic bulk-heterojunction solar cell composed of a blend of poly([2,6′-4,8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)benzo[1,2-b;3,3-b]dithiophene]{3-fluoro-2[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl}) (PTB7-Th) donor and 3,9-bis(2-methylene-((3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-6,7-difluoro)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (IOTIC-4F) non-fullerene acceptor is investigated. The effect of intentional addition of different amounts of Pd(PPh3)4 on morphology, free charge carrier generation, non-geminate bulk trap- and surface trap-assisted recombination as well as bimolecular recombination and charge extraction is quantified. This work shows that free charge carrier generation is affected significantly, while the impact of Pd(PPh3)4 on non-geminate recombination processes is limited because the catalyst does not facilitate efficient trap-assisted recombination. The studied system shows substantial robustness towards the addition of Pd(PPh3)4 in small amounts.

AB - The effect of the cross-coupling catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (Pd(PPh3)4) on the performance of a model organic bulk-heterojunction solar cell composed of a blend of poly([2,6′-4,8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)benzo[1,2-b;3,3-b]dithiophene]{3-fluoro-2[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl}) (PTB7-Th) donor and 3,9-bis(2-methylene-((3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-6,7-difluoro)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (IOTIC-4F) non-fullerene acceptor is investigated. The effect of intentional addition of different amounts of Pd(PPh3)4 on morphology, free charge carrier generation, non-geminate bulk trap- and surface trap-assisted recombination as well as bimolecular recombination and charge extraction is quantified. This work shows that free charge carrier generation is affected significantly, while the impact of Pd(PPh3)4 on non-geminate recombination processes is limited because the catalyst does not facilitate efficient trap-assisted recombination. The studied system shows substantial robustness towards the addition of Pd(PPh3)4 in small amounts.

KW - catalyst traces

KW - extraction

KW - impurities

KW - organic solar cells

KW - recombination dynamics

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Effect of Palladium-Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine) Catalyst Traces on Charge Recombination and Extraction in Non-Fullerene-based Organic Solar Cells

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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