Effects of Moderate and Subsequent Progressive Weight Loss on Metabolic Function and Adipose Tissue Biology in Humans with Obesity

Faidon Magkos; Gemma Fraterrigo; Jun Yoshino; Courtney Luecking; Kyleigh Kirbach; Shannon C. Kelly; Lisa De Las Fuentes; Songbing He; Adewole L. Okunade; Bruce W. Patterson; Samuel Klein

doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.02.005

Effects of Moderate and Subsequent Progressive Weight Loss on Metabolic Function and Adipose Tissue Biology in Humans with Obesity

Faidon Magkos, Gemma Fraterrigo, Jun Yoshino, Courtney Luecking, Kyleigh Kirbach, Shannon C. Kelly, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Songbing He, Adewole L. Okunade, Bruce W. Patterson, Samuel Klein

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

714 Scopus citations

Abstract

Summary Although 5%-10% weight loss is routinely recommended for people with obesity, the precise effects of 5% and further weight loss on metabolic health are unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effects of 5.1% ± 0.9% (n = 19), 10.8% ± 1.3% (n = 9), and 16.4% ± 2.1% (n = 9) weight loss and weight maintenance (n = 14) on metabolic outcomes. 5% weight loss improved adipose tissue, liver and muscle insulin sensitivity, and β cell function, without a concomitant change in systemic or subcutaneous adipose tissue markers of inflammation. Additional weight loss further improved β cell function and insulin sensitivity in muscle and caused stepwise changes in adipose tissue mass, intrahepatic triglyceride content, and adipose tissue expression of genes involved in cholesterol flux, lipid synthesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress. These results demonstrate that moderate 5% weight loss improves metabolic function in multiple organs simultaneously, and progressive weight loss causes dose-dependent alterations in key adipose tissue biological pathways.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	591-601
Number of pages	11
Journal	Cell Metabolism
Volume	23
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.02.005
State	Published - Apr 12 2016

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Funding

This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants DK 37948, DK 104995, DK 56341 (Nutrition Obesity Research Center), DK20579 (Diabetes Research Center), and RR024992 (Clinical and Translational Science Award), a KL2 Career Development Award (TR 000450), and grants from the Pershing Square Foundation and the Longer Life Foundation. The authors thank Freida Custodio and Jennifer Shew for technical assistance, the research coordinators of the Center for Human Nutrition and the staff of the Clinical Research Unit for their help in performing the studies, and the study subjects for their participation.

Funders	Funder number
National Institutes of Health (NIH)	DK 56341, DK 37948, DK 104995
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases	P60DK020579
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Longer Life Foundation
Pershing Square Foundation
Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of North Carolina	RR024992, TR 000450
Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of North Carolina

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Physiology
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.cmet.2016.02.005

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Magkos, F., Fraterrigo, G., Yoshino, J., Luecking, C., Kirbach, K., Kelly, S. C., De Las Fuentes, L., He, S., Okunade, A. L., Patterson, B. W., & Klein, S. (2016). Effects of Moderate and Subsequent Progressive Weight Loss on Metabolic Function and Adipose Tissue Biology in Humans with Obesity. Cell Metabolism, 23(4), 591-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.02.005

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abstract = "Summary Although 5\%-10\% weight loss is routinely recommended for people with obesity, the precise effects of 5\% and further weight loss on metabolic health are unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effects of 5.1\% ± 0.9\% (n = 19), 10.8\% ± 1.3\% (n = 9), and 16.4\% ± 2.1\% (n = 9) weight loss and weight maintenance (n = 14) on metabolic outcomes. 5\% weight loss improved adipose tissue, liver and muscle insulin sensitivity, and β cell function, without a concomitant change in systemic or subcutaneous adipose tissue markers of inflammation. Additional weight loss further improved β cell function and insulin sensitivity in muscle and caused stepwise changes in adipose tissue mass, intrahepatic triglyceride content, and adipose tissue expression of genes involved in cholesterol flux, lipid synthesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress. These results demonstrate that moderate 5\% weight loss improves metabolic function in multiple organs simultaneously, and progressive weight loss causes dose-dependent alterations in key adipose tissue biological pathways.",

author = "Faidon Magkos and Gemma Fraterrigo and Jun Yoshino and Courtney Luecking and Kyleigh Kirbach and Kelly, \{Shannon C.\} and \{De Las Fuentes\}, Lisa and Songbing He and Okunade, \{Adewole L.\} and Patterson, \{Bruce W.\} and Samuel Klein",

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AU - Luecking, Courtney

AU - Kirbach, Kyleigh

AU - Kelly, Shannon C.

AU - De Las Fuentes, Lisa

AU - He, Songbing

AU - Okunade, Adewole L.

AU - Patterson, Bruce W.

AU - Klein, Samuel

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N2 - Summary Although 5%-10% weight loss is routinely recommended for people with obesity, the precise effects of 5% and further weight loss on metabolic health are unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effects of 5.1% ± 0.9% (n = 19), 10.8% ± 1.3% (n = 9), and 16.4% ± 2.1% (n = 9) weight loss and weight maintenance (n = 14) on metabolic outcomes. 5% weight loss improved adipose tissue, liver and muscle insulin sensitivity, and β cell function, without a concomitant change in systemic or subcutaneous adipose tissue markers of inflammation. Additional weight loss further improved β cell function and insulin sensitivity in muscle and caused stepwise changes in adipose tissue mass, intrahepatic triglyceride content, and adipose tissue expression of genes involved in cholesterol flux, lipid synthesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress. These results demonstrate that moderate 5% weight loss improves metabolic function in multiple organs simultaneously, and progressive weight loss causes dose-dependent alterations in key adipose tissue biological pathways.

AB - Summary Although 5%-10% weight loss is routinely recommended for people with obesity, the precise effects of 5% and further weight loss on metabolic health are unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effects of 5.1% ± 0.9% (n = 19), 10.8% ± 1.3% (n = 9), and 16.4% ± 2.1% (n = 9) weight loss and weight maintenance (n = 14) on metabolic outcomes. 5% weight loss improved adipose tissue, liver and muscle insulin sensitivity, and β cell function, without a concomitant change in systemic or subcutaneous adipose tissue markers of inflammation. Additional weight loss further improved β cell function and insulin sensitivity in muscle and caused stepwise changes in adipose tissue mass, intrahepatic triglyceride content, and adipose tissue expression of genes involved in cholesterol flux, lipid synthesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress. These results demonstrate that moderate 5% weight loss improves metabolic function in multiple organs simultaneously, and progressive weight loss causes dose-dependent alterations in key adipose tissue biological pathways.

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Effects of Moderate and Subsequent Progressive Weight Loss on Metabolic Function and Adipose Tissue Biology in Humans with Obesity

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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