Effects of Scandia distribution on surface structure of scandate cathodes

Xiaomeng Zhang; T. John Balk; Daniel Busbaher; Andrew Hunt

doi:10.1109/IVEC.2018.8391632

Effects of Scandia distribution on surface structure of scandate cathodes

Xiaomeng Zhang, T. John Balk, Daniel Busbaher, Andrew Hunt

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

Scandate cathodes have long attracted attention due to their higher emission current density, apparent low work function, and anticipated improved longevity comparing to conventional cathodes. However, scandate cathodes have not been applied as extensively as their potential would imply, due to many unresolved issues, one of them being the non-uniformity of emission from the cathode surface. One possible reason for this, namely uneven distribution of scandia on tungsten, is investigated here. By comparing the initial microstructure of tungsten- scandia powder to resulting sintered pellets, we have discovered that more complete scandia coverage corresponds to a larger number of scandia particles distributed on sintered tungsten. Nearly all samples, when prepared as sintered pellets, exhibited a work function of 5.1 eV, as measured with a Kelvin probe.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2018 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018
Pages	231-232
Number of pages	2
ISBN (Electronic)	9781538604540
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC.2018.8391632
State	Published - Jun 20 2018
Event	19th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018 - Monterey, United States Duration: Apr 23 2018 → Apr 26 2018

Publication series

Name	2018 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018

Conference

Conference	19th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018
Country/Territory	United States
City	Monterey
Period	4/23/18 → 4/26/18

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 IEEE.

Keywords

coverage
microstructure
scandate cathode
scandia powder
sintered pellet
tungsten
work function

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Instrumentation

Access to Document

10.1109/IVEC.2018.8391632

Cite this

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title = "Effects of Scandia distribution on surface structure of scandate cathodes",

abstract = "Scandate cathodes have long attracted attention due to their higher emission current density, apparent low work function, and anticipated improved longevity comparing to conventional cathodes. However, scandate cathodes have not been applied as extensively as their potential would imply, due to many unresolved issues, one of them being the non-uniformity of emission from the cathode surface. One possible reason for this, namely uneven distribution of scandia on tungsten, is investigated here. By comparing the initial microstructure of tungsten- scandia powder to resulting sintered pellets, we have discovered that more complete scandia coverage corresponds to a larger number of scandia particles distributed on sintered tungsten. Nearly all samples, when prepared as sintered pellets, exhibited a work function of 5.1 eV, as measured with a Kelvin probe.",

keywords = "coverage, microstructure, scandate cathode, scandia powder, sintered pellet, tungsten, work function",

author = "Xiaomeng Zhang and {John Balk}, T. and Daniel Busbaher and Andrew Hunt",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 IEEE.; 19th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018 ; Conference date: 23-04-2018 Through 26-04-2018",

year = "2018",

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day = "20",

doi = "10.1109/IVEC.2018.8391632",

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series = "2018 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018",

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Zhang, X, John Balk, T, Busbaher, D & Hunt, A 2018, Effects of Scandia distribution on surface structure of scandate cathodes. in 2018 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018. 2018 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018, pp. 231-232, 19th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018, Monterey, United States, 4/23/18. https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC.2018.8391632

Effects of Scandia distribution on surface structure of scandate cathodes. / Zhang, Xiaomeng; John Balk, T.; Busbaher, Daniel et al.
2018 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018. 2018. p. 231-232 (2018 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2018).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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T1 - Effects of Scandia distribution on surface structure of scandate cathodes

AU - Zhang, Xiaomeng

AU - John Balk, T.

AU - Busbaher, Daniel

AU - Hunt, Andrew

PY - 2018/6/20

Y1 - 2018/6/20

N2 - Scandate cathodes have long attracted attention due to their higher emission current density, apparent low work function, and anticipated improved longevity comparing to conventional cathodes. However, scandate cathodes have not been applied as extensively as their potential would imply, due to many unresolved issues, one of them being the non-uniformity of emission from the cathode surface. One possible reason for this, namely uneven distribution of scandia on tungsten, is investigated here. By comparing the initial microstructure of tungsten- scandia powder to resulting sintered pellets, we have discovered that more complete scandia coverage corresponds to a larger number of scandia particles distributed on sintered tungsten. Nearly all samples, when prepared as sintered pellets, exhibited a work function of 5.1 eV, as measured with a Kelvin probe.

AB - Scandate cathodes have long attracted attention due to their higher emission current density, apparent low work function, and anticipated improved longevity comparing to conventional cathodes. However, scandate cathodes have not been applied as extensively as their potential would imply, due to many unresolved issues, one of them being the non-uniformity of emission from the cathode surface. One possible reason for this, namely uneven distribution of scandia on tungsten, is investigated here. By comparing the initial microstructure of tungsten- scandia powder to resulting sintered pellets, we have discovered that more complete scandia coverage corresponds to a larger number of scandia particles distributed on sintered tungsten. Nearly all samples, when prepared as sintered pellets, exhibited a work function of 5.1 eV, as measured with a Kelvin probe.

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KW - work function

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Effects of Scandia distribution on surface structure of scandate cathodes

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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