Electric-charge-dependent directed flow splitting of produced quarks in Au+Au collisions

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139245

Electric-charge-dependent directed flow splitting of produced quarks in Au+Au collisions

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Abstract

We report directed flow (v₁) of multistrange baryons (Ξ and Ω) and improved v₁ data for K⁻, p¯, Λ¯ and ϕ in Au+Au collisions at s_NN=27 and 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We focus on particles whose constituent quarks are not transported from the incoming nuclei but instead are produced in the collisions. At intermediate impact parameters, we examine quark coalescence behavior for particle combinations with identical quark content, and search for any departure from this behavior (“splitting”) for combinations having non-identical quark content. Under the assumption of quark coalescence for produced quarks, the splitting strength appears to increase with the electric charge difference of the constituent quarks in the combinations, consistent with electromagnetic effect expectations.

Original language	English
Article number	139245
Journal	Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics
Volume	862
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139245
State	Published - Mar 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s)

Funding

We thank the RHIC Operations Group and SDCC at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Chinese Academy of Science, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the Chinese Ministry of Education, NSTC Taipei, the National Research Foundation of Korea, Czech Science Foundation and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office, New National Excellency Programme of the Hungarian Ministry of Human Capacities, Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India, the National Science Centre and WUT ID-UB of Poland, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, German Bundesministerium fr Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung and Technologie (BMBF), Helmholtz Association, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) of Chile. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and SDCC at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Chinese Academy of Science, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the Chinese Ministry of Education, NSTC Taipei, the National Research Foundation of Korea, Czech Science Foundation and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office, New National Excellency Programme of the Hungarian Ministry of Human Capacities, Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India, the National Science Centre and WUT ID-UB of Poland, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, German Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung and Technologie (BMBF), Helmholtz Association, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) of Chile.

Funders
Hungarian Ministry of Human Capacities
National Research Foundation of Korea
Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association
Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
Narodowe Centrum Nauki
Grantová Agentura České Republiky
National Science Foundation Arctic Social Science Program
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
Ministry of Science Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia
Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology
National Science and Technology Council
Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie
WUT ID-UB of Poland
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Office of Science Programs
Institute for Nuclear Physics
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen
Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy
RHIC Operations Group
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)

Keywords

Directed flow
Electric charge
Electromagnetic field
Heavy-ion collisions
Strangeness

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics

Access to Document

10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139245

Cite this

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title = "Electric-charge-dependent directed flow splitting of produced quarks in Au+Au collisions",

abstract = "We report directed flow (v1) of multistrange baryons (Ξ and Ω) and improved v1 data for K−, p¯, Λ¯ and ϕ in Au+Au collisions at sNN=27 and 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We focus on particles whose constituent quarks are not transported from the incoming nuclei but instead are produced in the collisions. At intermediate impact parameters, we examine quark coalescence behavior for particle combinations with identical quark content, and search for any departure from this behavior (“splitting”) for combinations having non-identical quark content. Under the assumption of quark coalescence for produced quarks, the splitting strength appears to increase with the electric charge difference of the constituent quarks in the combinations, consistent with electromagnetic effect expectations.",

keywords = "Directed flow, Electric charge, Electromagnetic field, Heavy-ion collisions, Strangeness",

author = "Aboona, \{B. E.\} and J. Adam and G. Agakishiev and I. Aggarwal and Aggarwal, \{M. M.\} and Z. Ahammed and A. Aitbaev and I. Alekseev and E. Alpatov and A. Aparin and S. Aslam and J. Atchison and Averichev, \{G. S.\} and V. Bairathi and X. Bao and K. Barish and S. Behera and P. Bhagat and A. Bhasin and S. Bhatta and Bordyuzhin, \{I. G.\} and Brandenburg, \{J. D.\} and Brandin, \{A. V.\} and C. Broodo and Cai, \{X. Z.\} and H. Caines and \{Calder{\'o}n de la Barca S{\'a}nchez\}, M. and D. Cebra and J. Ceska and I. Chakaberia and Chan, \{B. K.\} and Z. Chang and A. Chatterjee and D. Chen and J. Chen and Chen, \{J. H.\} and Q. Chen and Z. Chen and J. Cheng and Y. Cheng and W. Christie and X. Chu and S. Corey and Crawford, \{H. J.\} and G. Dale-Gau and A. Das and Dedovich, \{T. G.\} and Deppner, \{I. M.\} and Derevschikov, \{A. A.\} and R. Fatemi",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s)",

year = "2025",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139245",

language = "English",

volume = "862",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Electric-charge-dependent directed flow splitting of produced quarks in Au+Au collisions

AU - Aboona, B. E.

AU - Adam, J.

AU - Agakishiev, G.

AU - Aggarwal, I.

AU - Aggarwal, M. M.

AU - Ahammed, Z.

AU - Aitbaev, A.

AU - Alekseev, I.

AU - Alpatov, E.

AU - Aparin, A.

AU - Aslam, S.

AU - Atchison, J.

AU - Averichev, G. S.

AU - Bairathi, V.

AU - Bao, X.

AU - Barish, K.

AU - Behera, S.

AU - Bhagat, P.

AU - Bhasin, A.

AU - Bhatta, S.

AU - Bordyuzhin, I. G.

AU - Brandenburg, J. D.

AU - Brandin, A. V.

AU - Broodo, C.

AU - Cai, X. Z.

AU - Caines, H.

AU - Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.

AU - Cebra, D.

AU - Ceska, J.

AU - Chakaberia, I.

AU - Chan, B. K.

AU - Chang, Z.

AU - Chatterjee, A.

AU - Chen, D.

AU - Chen, J.

AU - Chen, J. H.

AU - Chen, Q.

AU - Chen, Z.

AU - Cheng, J.

AU - Cheng, Y.

AU - Christie, W.

AU - Chu, X.

AU - Corey, S.

AU - Crawford, H. J.

AU - Dale-Gau, G.

AU - Das, A.

AU - Dedovich, T. G.

AU - Deppner, I. M.

AU - Derevschikov, A. A.

AU - Fatemi, R.

PY - 2025/3

Y1 - 2025/3

N2 - We report directed flow (v1) of multistrange baryons (Ξ and Ω) and improved v1 data for K−, p¯, Λ¯ and ϕ in Au+Au collisions at sNN=27 and 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We focus on particles whose constituent quarks are not transported from the incoming nuclei but instead are produced in the collisions. At intermediate impact parameters, we examine quark coalescence behavior for particle combinations with identical quark content, and search for any departure from this behavior (“splitting”) for combinations having non-identical quark content. Under the assumption of quark coalescence for produced quarks, the splitting strength appears to increase with the electric charge difference of the constituent quarks in the combinations, consistent with electromagnetic effect expectations.

AB - We report directed flow (v1) of multistrange baryons (Ξ and Ω) and improved v1 data for K−, p¯, Λ¯ and ϕ in Au+Au collisions at sNN=27 and 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We focus on particles whose constituent quarks are not transported from the incoming nuclei but instead are produced in the collisions. At intermediate impact parameters, we examine quark coalescence behavior for particle combinations with identical quark content, and search for any departure from this behavior (“splitting”) for combinations having non-identical quark content. Under the assumption of quark coalescence for produced quarks, the splitting strength appears to increase with the electric charge difference of the constituent quarks in the combinations, consistent with electromagnetic effect expectations.

KW - Directed flow

KW - Electric charge

KW - Electromagnetic field

KW - Heavy-ion collisions

KW - Strangeness

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85216089706

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85216089706#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139245

DO - 10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139245

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85216089706

SN - 0370-2693

VL - 862

JO - Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

JF - Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

M1 - 139245

ER -

Electric-charge-dependent directed flow splitting of produced quarks in Au+Au collisions

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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Cite this