Enzymatic Generation of the Antimetabolite γ,γ-Dichloroaminobutyrate by NRPS and Mononuclear Iron Halogenase Action in a Streptomycete

Masashi Ueki, Danica P. Galonić, Frédéric H. Vaillancourt, Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova, Ellen Yeh, David A. Vosburg, Frank C. Schroeder, Hiroyuki Osada, Christopher T. Walsh

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

77 Scopus citations

Abstract

Four adjacent open reading frames, cytC1-C4, were cloned from a cytotrienin-producing strain of a Streptomyces sp. by using primers derived from the conserved region of a gene encoding a nonheme iron halogenase, CmaB, in coronamic acid biosynthesis. CytC1-3 were active after expression in Escherichia coli, and CytC4 was active after expression in Pseudomonas putida. CytC1, a relatively promiscuous adenylation enzyme, installs the aminoacyl moieties on the phosphopantetheinyl arm of the holo carrier protein CytC2. CytC3 is a nonheme iron halogenase that will generate both γ-chloro- and γ,γ-dichloroaminobutyryl-S-CytC2 from aminobutyryl-S-CytC2. CytC4, a thioesterase, hydrolytically releases the dichloroaminobutyrate, a known streptomycete antibiotic. Thus, this short four-protein pathway is likely the biosynthetic source of this amino acid antimetabolite. This four-enzyme system analogously converts the proS-methyl group of valine to the dichloromethyl product regio- and stereospecifically.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1183-1191
Number of pages9
JournalChemistry and Biology
Volume13
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2006

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants GM 20011 and GM 49338 (C.T.W.), a Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship (DRG-1893-05 to D.P.G.), a Merck-sponsored Fellowship of the Helen Hay Whitney Foundation (F.H.V.), a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship (F.H.V.), an NIH Medical Scientist Training Program Fellowship (E.Y.), and a Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund for Medical Research Fellowship (D.A.V.).

Keywords

  • CHEMBIO
  • MICROBES

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Discovery
  • Clinical Biochemistry

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