Evaluating the feasibility of using lignin–alginate beads with starch additive for entrapping and releasing Rhizobium spp.

Toby A. Adjuik; Sue E. Nokes; Michael D. Montross

doi:10.1002/app.53181

Evaluating the feasibility of using lignin–alginate beads with starch additive for entrapping and releasing Rhizobium spp.

Toby A. Adjuik, Sue E. Nokes, Michael D. Montross

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Cell immobilization in polymers have proven successful in protecting the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Rhizobium. This study evaluated the feasibility of using lignin to develop lignin–alginate beads with a starch additive to immobilize and release Rhizobial cells. A lignin–alginate hydrogel was synthesized and cultured at different concentrations with 1 ml inoculum of Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium leguminosarum to determine the hydrogel's compatibility with the Rhizobium spp. The Rhizobium cells (3 ml inoculum) were then entrapped into the lignin–alginate beads (ratio of 2 g lignin to 1 g alginate) with starch additive and their entrapment efficiency, cell release and surface morphology investigated. The results suggest concentration of the lignin–alginate hydrogel had no effect on the survival of Rhizobium cells with time. Dried lignin–alginate beads increased the survival of Rhizobium cells from 61% to 73% while dried lignin–alginate beads with starch additive increased the survival of Rhizobium cells from 61% to 84% compared to only alginate beads. Light microscopy suggests alginate beads lost their sphericity without lignin and starch additive while fixed SEM images highlighted Rhizobium cells attached to starch granules. Overall, the results indicate the potential applicability of lignin as a component for the manufacture of carrier materials for entrapping Rhizobial cells.

Original language	English
Article number	e53181
Journal	Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Volume	139
Issue number	47
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/app.53181
State	Published - Dec 15 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch‐Multistate, Grant/Award Numbers: 1002344, 1003563; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Grant/Award Number: P20GM103436; National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure; National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: ECCS‐1542164 Funding information

Funding Information:
This work is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch‐Multistate under 1002344 and 1003563. Special thanks to Dr. Tyler Barzee for his assistance with microscopy. Thank you to Anthony Vascotto and Ryan Sarhan for helping with data collection. Thanks to Can Liu for the technical discussions with aspects of the project. Thanks to Stepanie Kesnar for timely procurement of lab supplies and helping with general lab issues. Access to characterization instruments and staff assistance was provided by the Electron Microscopy Center at the University of Kentucky, member of the KY INBRE (Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence), which is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Science (IDeA Grant P20GM103436) and of the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI), which is supported by the National Science Foundation (ECCS‐1542164). The authors thank Dr. Nicolas Briot of the Electron Microscopy Center for his support with scanning electron microscopy and for his technical input.

Funding Information:
This work is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch-Multistate under 1002344 and 1003563. Special thanks to Dr. Tyler Barzee for his assistance with microscopy. Thank you to Anthony Vascotto and Ryan Sarhan for helping with data collection. Thanks to Can Liu for the technical discussions with aspects of the project. Thanks to Stepanie Kesnar for timely procurement of lab supplies and helping with general lab issues. Access to characterization instruments and staff assistance was provided by the Electron Microscopy Center at the University of Kentucky, member of the KY INBRE (Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence), which is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Science (IDeA Grant P20GM103436) and of the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI), which is supported by the National Science Foundation (ECCS-1542164). The authors thank Dr. Nicolas Briot of the Electron Microscopy Center for his support with scanning electron microscopy and for his technical input.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Keywords

bio-based
biopolymers and renewable polymers
microbial immobilization
morphology
polymers

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry (all)
Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Polymers and Plastics
Materials Chemistry

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1002/app.53181

Cite this

@article{bc1528113c1543f8953bb8705b215671,

title = "Evaluating the feasibility of using lignin–alginate beads with starch additive for entrapping and releasing Rhizobium spp.",

abstract = "Cell immobilization in polymers have proven successful in protecting the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Rhizobium. This study evaluated the feasibility of using lignin to develop lignin–alginate beads with a starch additive to immobilize and release Rhizobial cells. A lignin–alginate hydrogel was synthesized and cultured at different concentrations with 1 ml inoculum of Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium leguminosarum to determine the hydrogel's compatibility with the Rhizobium spp. The Rhizobium cells (3 ml inoculum) were then entrapped into the lignin–alginate beads (ratio of 2 g lignin to 1 g alginate) with starch additive and their entrapment efficiency, cell release and surface morphology investigated. The results suggest concentration of the lignin–alginate hydrogel had no effect on the survival of Rhizobium cells with time. Dried lignin–alginate beads increased the survival of Rhizobium cells from 61% to 73% while dried lignin–alginate beads with starch additive increased the survival of Rhizobium cells from 61% to 84% compared to only alginate beads. Light microscopy suggests alginate beads lost their sphericity without lignin and starch additive while fixed SEM images highlighted Rhizobium cells attached to starch granules. Overall, the results indicate the potential applicability of lignin as a component for the manufacture of carrier materials for entrapping Rhizobial cells.",

keywords = "bio-based, biopolymers and renewable polymers, microbial immobilization, morphology, polymers",

author = "Adjuik, {Toby A.} and Nokes, {Sue E.} and Montross, {Michael D.}",

note = "Funding Information: National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch‐Multistate, Grant/Award Numbers: 1002344, 1003563; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Grant/Award Number: P20GM103436; National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure; National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: ECCS‐1542164 Funding information Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch‐Multistate under 1002344 and 1003563. Special thanks to Dr. Tyler Barzee for his assistance with microscopy. Thank you to Anthony Vascotto and Ryan Sarhan for helping with data collection. Thanks to Can Liu for the technical discussions with aspects of the project. Thanks to Stepanie Kesnar for timely procurement of lab supplies and helping with general lab issues. Access to characterization instruments and staff assistance was provided by the Electron Microscopy Center at the University of Kentucky, member of the KY INBRE (Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence), which is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Science (IDeA Grant P20GM103436) and of the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI), which is supported by the National Science Foundation (ECCS‐1542164). The authors thank Dr. Nicolas Briot of the Electron Microscopy Center for his support with scanning electron microscopy and for his technical input. Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch-Multistate under 1002344 and 1003563. Special thanks to Dr. Tyler Barzee for his assistance with microscopy. Thank you to Anthony Vascotto and Ryan Sarhan for helping with data collection. Thanks to Can Liu for the technical discussions with aspects of the project. Thanks to Stepanie Kesnar for timely procurement of lab supplies and helping with general lab issues. Access to characterization instruments and staff assistance was provided by the Electron Microscopy Center at the University of Kentucky, member of the KY INBRE (Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence), which is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Science (IDeA Grant P20GM103436) and of the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI), which is supported by the National Science Foundation (ECCS-1542164). The authors thank Dr. Nicolas Briot of the Electron Microscopy Center for his support with scanning electron microscopy and for his technical input. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.",

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doi = "10.1002/app.53181",

language = "English",

volume = "139",

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AU - Nokes, Sue E.

AU - Montross, Michael D.

N1 - Funding Information: National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch‐Multistate, Grant/Award Numbers: 1002344, 1003563; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Grant/Award Number: P20GM103436; National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure; National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: ECCS‐1542164 Funding information Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch‐Multistate under 1002344 and 1003563. Special thanks to Dr. Tyler Barzee for his assistance with microscopy. Thank you to Anthony Vascotto and Ryan Sarhan for helping with data collection. Thanks to Can Liu for the technical discussions with aspects of the project. Thanks to Stepanie Kesnar for timely procurement of lab supplies and helping with general lab issues. Access to characterization instruments and staff assistance was provided by the Electron Microscopy Center at the University of Kentucky, member of the KY INBRE (Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence), which is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Science (IDeA Grant P20GM103436) and of the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI), which is supported by the National Science Foundation (ECCS‐1542164). The authors thank Dr. Nicolas Briot of the Electron Microscopy Center for his support with scanning electron microscopy and for his technical input. Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch-Multistate under 1002344 and 1003563. Special thanks to Dr. Tyler Barzee for his assistance with microscopy. Thank you to Anthony Vascotto and Ryan Sarhan for helping with data collection. Thanks to Can Liu for the technical discussions with aspects of the project. Thanks to Stepanie Kesnar for timely procurement of lab supplies and helping with general lab issues. Access to characterization instruments and staff assistance was provided by the Electron Microscopy Center at the University of Kentucky, member of the KY INBRE (Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence), which is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Science (IDeA Grant P20GM103436) and of the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI), which is supported by the National Science Foundation (ECCS-1542164). The authors thank Dr. Nicolas Briot of the Electron Microscopy Center for his support with scanning electron microscopy and for his technical input. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

PY - 2022/12/15

Y1 - 2022/12/15

N2 - Cell immobilization in polymers have proven successful in protecting the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Rhizobium. This study evaluated the feasibility of using lignin to develop lignin–alginate beads with a starch additive to immobilize and release Rhizobial cells. A lignin–alginate hydrogel was synthesized and cultured at different concentrations with 1 ml inoculum of Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium leguminosarum to determine the hydrogel's compatibility with the Rhizobium spp. The Rhizobium cells (3 ml inoculum) were then entrapped into the lignin–alginate beads (ratio of 2 g lignin to 1 g alginate) with starch additive and their entrapment efficiency, cell release and surface morphology investigated. The results suggest concentration of the lignin–alginate hydrogel had no effect on the survival of Rhizobium cells with time. Dried lignin–alginate beads increased the survival of Rhizobium cells from 61% to 73% while dried lignin–alginate beads with starch additive increased the survival of Rhizobium cells from 61% to 84% compared to only alginate beads. Light microscopy suggests alginate beads lost their sphericity without lignin and starch additive while fixed SEM images highlighted Rhizobium cells attached to starch granules. Overall, the results indicate the potential applicability of lignin as a component for the manufacture of carrier materials for entrapping Rhizobial cells.

AB - Cell immobilization in polymers have proven successful in protecting the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Rhizobium. This study evaluated the feasibility of using lignin to develop lignin–alginate beads with a starch additive to immobilize and release Rhizobial cells. A lignin–alginate hydrogel was synthesized and cultured at different concentrations with 1 ml inoculum of Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium leguminosarum to determine the hydrogel's compatibility with the Rhizobium spp. The Rhizobium cells (3 ml inoculum) were then entrapped into the lignin–alginate beads (ratio of 2 g lignin to 1 g alginate) with starch additive and their entrapment efficiency, cell release and surface morphology investigated. The results suggest concentration of the lignin–alginate hydrogel had no effect on the survival of Rhizobium cells with time. Dried lignin–alginate beads increased the survival of Rhizobium cells from 61% to 73% while dried lignin–alginate beads with starch additive increased the survival of Rhizobium cells from 61% to 84% compared to only alginate beads. Light microscopy suggests alginate beads lost their sphericity without lignin and starch additive while fixed SEM images highlighted Rhizobium cells attached to starch granules. Overall, the results indicate the potential applicability of lignin as a component for the manufacture of carrier materials for entrapping Rhizobial cells.

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Evaluating the feasibility of using lignin–alginate beads with starch additive for entrapping and releasing Rhizobium spp.

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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