Executive functions and intraindividual variability following concussion

Justin E. Karr; Mauricio A. Garcia-Barrera; Corson N. Areshenkoff

doi:10.1080/13803395.2013.863833

Executive functions and intraindividual variability following concussion

Justin E. Karr, Mauricio A. Garcia-Barrera, Corson N. Areshenkoff

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

The long-term outcomes of executive functions and intraindividual variability (IIV; i.e., trial-to-trial or across-task variability in cognitive performance) following concussion are unclear due to inconsistent and limited research findings, respectively. Objective: Responding to these gaps in scientific understanding, the current study aimed to assess the utility of both executive functions and IIV at predicting concussion history. Method: Altogether 138 self-identified athletes (Mage = 19.9 ± 1.91 years, 60.8% female, 19.6% with one concussion, 18.1% with two or more concussions) completed three executive-related cognitive tasks (i.e., n-back, go/no-go, global-local). Ordinal logistic regression analyses examined the joint effect of person-mean and IIV as predictors of concussion status. Results: Only mean response time for the global-local task predicted the number of past concussions, while no IIV variables reached unique significance. Conclusions: IIV research on concussion remains limited; however, the preliminary results do not indicate any additional value of IIV indices above mean performances at predicting past concussion. For executive functions, shifting appears most sensitive at detecting concussion group differences, with past researchers identifying post concussion impairment in attentional processing.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	15-31
Number of pages	17
Journal	Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
Volume	36
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2013.863833
State	Published - Jan 2 2014

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Justin E. Karr is a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholar and thanks the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for their support of his graduate studies. This research was supported financially by the American Psychological Foundation/Council of Graduate Departments of Psychology Peter and Malina James & Dr. Louis P. James Legacy Graduate Student Research Scholarship. It was also supported by a University of Victoria Internal Research Grant. The funding sources had no other role than financial support. Address correspondence to: Justin E. Karr, Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 3050, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada, V8W 3P5 (E-mail: [email protected]).

Keywords

Concussion
Executive function
Intraindividual variability.
Mild traumatic brain injury

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Clinical Psychology
Neurology
Clinical Neurology

Access to Document

10.1080/13803395.2013.863833

Cite this

@article{9d1a5ecbda41469da385cdd3e8bcfe8f,

title = "Executive functions and intraindividual variability following concussion",

abstract = "The long-term outcomes of executive functions and intraindividual variability (IIV; i.e., trial-to-trial or across-task variability in cognitive performance) following concussion are unclear due to inconsistent and limited research findings, respectively. Objective: Responding to these gaps in scientific understanding, the current study aimed to assess the utility of both executive functions and IIV at predicting concussion history. Method: Altogether 138 self-identified athletes (Mage = 19.9 ± 1.91 years, 60.8% female, 19.6% with one concussion, 18.1% with two or more concussions) completed three executive-related cognitive tasks (i.e., n-back, go/no-go, global-local). Ordinal logistic regression analyses examined the joint effect of person-mean and IIV as predictors of concussion status. Results: Only mean response time for the global-local task predicted the number of past concussions, while no IIV variables reached unique significance. Conclusions: IIV research on concussion remains limited; however, the preliminary results do not indicate any additional value of IIV indices above mean performances at predicting past concussion. For executive functions, shifting appears most sensitive at detecting concussion group differences, with past researchers identifying post concussion impairment in attentional processing.",

keywords = "Concussion, Executive function, Intraindividual variability., Mild traumatic brain injury",

author = "Karr, {Justin E.} and Garcia-Barrera, {Mauricio A.} and Areshenkoff, {Corson N.}",

note = "Funding Information: Justin E. Karr is a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholar and thanks the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for their support of his graduate studies. This research was supported financially by the American Psychological Foundation/Council of Graduate Departments of Psychology Peter and Malina James & Dr. Louis P. James Legacy Graduate Student Research Scholarship. It was also supported by a University of Victoria Internal Research Grant. The funding sources had no other role than financial support. Address correspondence to: Justin E. Karr, Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 3050, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada, V8W 3P5 (E-mail: [email protected]).",

year = "2014",

month = jan,

day = "2",

doi = "10.1080/13803395.2013.863833",

language = "English",

volume = "36",

pages = "15--31",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Executive functions and intraindividual variability following concussion

AU - Karr, Justin E.

AU - Garcia-Barrera, Mauricio A.

AU - Areshenkoff, Corson N.

N1 - Funding Information: Justin E. Karr is a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholar and thanks the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for their support of his graduate studies. This research was supported financially by the American Psychological Foundation/Council of Graduate Departments of Psychology Peter and Malina James & Dr. Louis P. James Legacy Graduate Student Research Scholarship. It was also supported by a University of Victoria Internal Research Grant. The funding sources had no other role than financial support. Address correspondence to: Justin E. Karr, Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 3050, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada, V8W 3P5 (E-mail: [email protected]).

PY - 2014/1/2

Y1 - 2014/1/2

N2 - The long-term outcomes of executive functions and intraindividual variability (IIV; i.e., trial-to-trial or across-task variability in cognitive performance) following concussion are unclear due to inconsistent and limited research findings, respectively. Objective: Responding to these gaps in scientific understanding, the current study aimed to assess the utility of both executive functions and IIV at predicting concussion history. Method: Altogether 138 self-identified athletes (Mage = 19.9 ± 1.91 years, 60.8% female, 19.6% with one concussion, 18.1% with two or more concussions) completed three executive-related cognitive tasks (i.e., n-back, go/no-go, global-local). Ordinal logistic regression analyses examined the joint effect of person-mean and IIV as predictors of concussion status. Results: Only mean response time for the global-local task predicted the number of past concussions, while no IIV variables reached unique significance. Conclusions: IIV research on concussion remains limited; however, the preliminary results do not indicate any additional value of IIV indices above mean performances at predicting past concussion. For executive functions, shifting appears most sensitive at detecting concussion group differences, with past researchers identifying post concussion impairment in attentional processing.

AB - The long-term outcomes of executive functions and intraindividual variability (IIV; i.e., trial-to-trial or across-task variability in cognitive performance) following concussion are unclear due to inconsistent and limited research findings, respectively. Objective: Responding to these gaps in scientific understanding, the current study aimed to assess the utility of both executive functions and IIV at predicting concussion history. Method: Altogether 138 self-identified athletes (Mage = 19.9 ± 1.91 years, 60.8% female, 19.6% with one concussion, 18.1% with two or more concussions) completed three executive-related cognitive tasks (i.e., n-back, go/no-go, global-local). Ordinal logistic regression analyses examined the joint effect of person-mean and IIV as predictors of concussion status. Results: Only mean response time for the global-local task predicted the number of past concussions, while no IIV variables reached unique significance. Conclusions: IIV research on concussion remains limited; however, the preliminary results do not indicate any additional value of IIV indices above mean performances at predicting past concussion. For executive functions, shifting appears most sensitive at detecting concussion group differences, with past researchers identifying post concussion impairment in attentional processing.

KW - Concussion

KW - Executive function

KW - Intraindividual variability.

KW - Mild traumatic brain injury

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84893837321&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84893837321&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1080/13803395.2013.863833

DO - 10.1080/13803395.2013.863833

M3 - Article

C2 - 24283964

AN - SCOPUS:84893837321

SN - 1380-3395

VL - 36

SP - 15

EP - 31

JO - Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

JF - Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

IS - 1

ER -

Executive functions and intraindividual variability following concussion

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this