Exterior-targeted liquid termiticides: An alternative approach to managing subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in buildings

Data presented herein indicate that subterranean termite infestations can be eliminated by applying non-repellent liquid termiticides solely around the exterior perimeter of buildings. Foraging activity was extensively monitored on the interior and exterior of 12 structures heavily infested with the eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Monitoring methods before and after an exterior-only application of either Termidor® (fipronil) or Premise® (imidacloprid) were similar to those used to assess the effects of baits on termite populations. Substantial, and often rapid reductions in termite foraging activity were observed, particularly with Termidor. Of the eight structures treated with Termidor, 40 of 43 infested monitoring stations within 0.3 to 4.0 m of the exterior treated trench were inactive within three months. Dead and decaying termites were found in several monitored locations, further suggesting that effects extend inward and well beyond the exterior site of application. Termite activity within monitoring stations was less affected by exterior Premise applications, although visible activity involving structural components eventually ceased. Potential implications and benefits of exterior-targeted liquid applications relative to the future of termite control are discussed.