Factors Associated With Antiretroviral Adherence Among Youth Living With HIV

doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000003345

Factors Associated With Antiretroviral Adherence Among Youth Living With HIV

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Youth living with HIV (YLH) have an increased risk for psychosocial stressors that can affect their antiretroviral (ARV) adherence. We examined factors associated with selfreported ARV adherence among YLH ages 12-24 years old. Setting: YLH (N = 147) were recruited in Los Angeles, CA, and New Orleans, LA from 2017 to 2020. Methods: YLH whose self-reported recent (30 days) ARV adherence was "excellent"or "very good"were compared with nonadherent YLH on sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Participants were predominantly male (88%), and 81% identified as gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or other. The mean duration on ARV was 27 months (range 0-237 months). Most YLH (71.2%) self-reported being adherent, and 79% of those who selfreported adherence were also virally suppressed (<200 copies/mL). Multivariate analysis indicated being adherent was significantly associated with white race [aOR = 8.07, confidence intervals (CI): 1.45 to 74.0], Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity [aOR = 3.57, CI: 1.16 to 12.80], more social support [aOR = 1.11, CI: 1.05 to 1.18], and being on ARV for a shorter duration [aOR = 0.99, CI: 0.97 to 0.99]. Mental health symptoms, substance use, age, and history of homelessness or incarceration were unrelated to adherence. Conclusions: Enhancing efforts to provide support for adherence to non-white youth, and those with limited social support and who have been on ARV treatment longer, may help increase viral suppression among YLH.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	215-221
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Volume	95
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000003345
State	Published - Mar 1 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Funding

All authors have funding from the Comprehensive Adolescent Research and Engagement Studies (CARES), a program project grant funded by the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) at the National Institutes of Health (U19HD089886). The Eunice Kennedy National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) is the primary funder of this network, with support of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA), and National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD). Other means of support were provided by the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment, National Institute of Mental Health (MH58107), the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Center for AIDS Research (5P30AI028697), and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences through UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UL1TR000124). The authors would also like to thank the Swiss National Science Foundation for their support (Grant P2GEP3_181061). E.M.A. was a consultant on a project funded by Merck, Sharpe, and Dohme and has current funding from this entity, but this relationship is not related to the current study. The other authors have declared that they have no competing or potential conflicts of interest. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. All authors have funding from the Comprehensive Adolescent Research and Engagement Studies (CARES), a program project grant funded by the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) at the National Institutes of Health (U19HD089886). The Eunice Kennedy National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) is the primary funder of this network, with support of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA), and National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD). Other means of support were provided by the Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment, National Institute of Mental Health (MH58107), the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Center for AIDS Research (5P30AI028697), and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences through UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UL1TR000124). The authors would also like to thank the Swiss National Science Foundation for their support (Grant P2GEP3-181061).

Funders	Funder number
National Institutes of Health (NIH)	U19HD089886
National Institute of Mental Health
Author National Institute on Drug Abuse DA031791 Mark J Ferris National Institute on Drug Abuse DA006634 Mark J Ferris National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism AA026117 Mark J Ferris National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism AA028162 Elizabeth G Pitts National Institute of General Medical Sciences GM102773 Elizabeth G Pitts Peter McManus Charitable Trust Mark J Ferris National Institute on Drug Abuse
Merck
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
University of California, Los Angeles
Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington	5P30AI028697
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
University of California Los Angeles Clinical and Translational Science Institute	UL1TR000124
Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services, University of California, Los Angeles	MH58107
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung	P2GEP3_181061

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

antiretrovirals
medication adherence
viral suppression
youth living with HIV

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Infectious Diseases
Pharmacology (medical)

Access to Document

10.1097/QAI.0000000000003345

Cite this

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title = "Factors Associated With Antiretroviral Adherence Among Youth Living With HIV",

abstract = "Background: Youth living with HIV (YLH) have an increased risk for psychosocial stressors that can affect their antiretroviral (ARV) adherence. We examined factors associated with selfreported ARV adherence among YLH ages 12-24 years old. Setting: YLH (N = 147) were recruited in Los Angeles, CA, and New Orleans, LA from 2017 to 2020. Methods: YLH whose self-reported recent (30 days) ARV adherence was {"}excellent{"}or {"}very good{"}were compared with nonadherent YLH on sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Participants were predominantly male (88\%), and 81\% identified as gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or other. The mean duration on ARV was 27 months (range 0-237 months). Most YLH (71.2\%) self-reported being adherent, and 79\% of those who selfreported adherence were also virally suppressed (<200 copies/mL). Multivariate analysis indicated being adherent was significantly associated with white race [aOR = 8.07, confidence intervals (CI): 1.45 to 74.0], Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity [aOR = 3.57, CI: 1.16 to 12.80], more social support [aOR = 1.11, CI: 1.05 to 1.18], and being on ARV for a shorter duration [aOR = 0.99, CI: 0.97 to 0.99]. Mental health symptoms, substance use, age, and history of homelessness or incarceration were unrelated to adherence. Conclusions: Enhancing efforts to provide support for adherence to non-white youth, and those with limited social support and who have been on ARV treatment longer, may help increase viral suppression among YLH.",

keywords = "antiretrovirals, medication adherence, viral suppression, youth living with HIV",

author = "Arnold, \{Elizabeth Mayfield\} and Susan Kamal and Rotheram-Borus, \{Mary Jane\} and Bridges, \{S. Kate\} and William Gertsch and Peter Norwood and Dallas Swendeman",

year = "2024",

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doi = "10.1097/QAI.0000000000003345",

language = "English",

volume = "95",

pages = "215--221",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Factors Associated With Antiretroviral Adherence Among Youth Living With HIV

AU - Arnold, Elizabeth Mayfield

AU - Kamal, Susan

AU - Rotheram-Borus, Mary Jane

AU - Bridges, S. Kate

AU - Gertsch, William

AU - Norwood, Peter

AU - Swendeman, Dallas

PY - 2024/3/1

Y1 - 2024/3/1

N2 - Background: Youth living with HIV (YLH) have an increased risk for psychosocial stressors that can affect their antiretroviral (ARV) adherence. We examined factors associated with selfreported ARV adherence among YLH ages 12-24 years old. Setting: YLH (N = 147) were recruited in Los Angeles, CA, and New Orleans, LA from 2017 to 2020. Methods: YLH whose self-reported recent (30 days) ARV adherence was "excellent"or "very good"were compared with nonadherent YLH on sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Participants were predominantly male (88%), and 81% identified as gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or other. The mean duration on ARV was 27 months (range 0-237 months). Most YLH (71.2%) self-reported being adherent, and 79% of those who selfreported adherence were also virally suppressed (<200 copies/mL). Multivariate analysis indicated being adherent was significantly associated with white race [aOR = 8.07, confidence intervals (CI): 1.45 to 74.0], Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity [aOR = 3.57, CI: 1.16 to 12.80], more social support [aOR = 1.11, CI: 1.05 to 1.18], and being on ARV for a shorter duration [aOR = 0.99, CI: 0.97 to 0.99]. Mental health symptoms, substance use, age, and history of homelessness or incarceration were unrelated to adherence. Conclusions: Enhancing efforts to provide support for adherence to non-white youth, and those with limited social support and who have been on ARV treatment longer, may help increase viral suppression among YLH.

AB - Background: Youth living with HIV (YLH) have an increased risk for psychosocial stressors that can affect their antiretroviral (ARV) adherence. We examined factors associated with selfreported ARV adherence among YLH ages 12-24 years old. Setting: YLH (N = 147) were recruited in Los Angeles, CA, and New Orleans, LA from 2017 to 2020. Methods: YLH whose self-reported recent (30 days) ARV adherence was "excellent"or "very good"were compared with nonadherent YLH on sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Participants were predominantly male (88%), and 81% identified as gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or other. The mean duration on ARV was 27 months (range 0-237 months). Most YLH (71.2%) self-reported being adherent, and 79% of those who selfreported adherence were also virally suppressed (<200 copies/mL). Multivariate analysis indicated being adherent was significantly associated with white race [aOR = 8.07, confidence intervals (CI): 1.45 to 74.0], Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity [aOR = 3.57, CI: 1.16 to 12.80], more social support [aOR = 1.11, CI: 1.05 to 1.18], and being on ARV for a shorter duration [aOR = 0.99, CI: 0.97 to 0.99]. Mental health symptoms, substance use, age, and history of homelessness or incarceration were unrelated to adherence. Conclusions: Enhancing efforts to provide support for adherence to non-white youth, and those with limited social support and who have been on ARV treatment longer, may help increase viral suppression among YLH.

KW - antiretrovirals

KW - medication adherence

KW - viral suppression

KW - youth living with HIV

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85186269327

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85186269327#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003345

DO - 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003345

M3 - Article

C2 - 37977178

AN - SCOPUS:85186269327

SN - 1525-4135

VL - 95

SP - 215

EP - 221

JO - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

JF - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

IS - 3

ER -

Factors Associated With Antiretroviral Adherence Among Youth Living With HIV

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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