TY - JOUR
T1 - Field-scale bromide leaching as affected by land use and rain characteristics
AU - Yang, Yang
AU - Wendroth, Ole
AU - Walton, Riley Jason
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2013/7
Y1 - 2013/7
N2 - Natural heterogeneity in soil properties limits the understanding on water and solute transport at a field scale. The objective of the current study was to adopt a new experimental design with scale-dependent treatment distribution and to assess the impact of land use and rain characteristics on Br- leaching under field conditions. On a transect with two land use systems, that is, cropland and grassland, rainfall intensity and the time delay between solute application and subsequent rain were arranged in a repetitive pattern at different scales. Soil samples in 10-cm increments down to 1-m depth were collected along the transect for Br- analysis after rainfall simulation. Owing to continuous macropores, supporting the development of preferential flow, soil Br- was more evenly distributed with soil depth and reached greater depth in grassland. Increasing rainfall intensity enforced the deep leaching of Br-. Frequency-domain analysis revealed that the dominant factor controlling Br- leaching varied with depth. At 0 to 10 cm, rainfall intensity was strongly correlated with Br- concentration; while in the soil layer below, application time delay was the main driver for the spatial distribution of Br-. With increasing soil depth, the spatial behavior of Br- was mainly caused by soil properties such as soil texture and topography, rather than rainfall characteristics. Nevertheless, rainfall intensity was found to be positively correlated with Br- concentration in deep soil, indicating a great risk of deep leaching and groundwater contamination under heavy rainfall. These results have direct implications for the surface application of chemicals.
AB - Natural heterogeneity in soil properties limits the understanding on water and solute transport at a field scale. The objective of the current study was to adopt a new experimental design with scale-dependent treatment distribution and to assess the impact of land use and rain characteristics on Br- leaching under field conditions. On a transect with two land use systems, that is, cropland and grassland, rainfall intensity and the time delay between solute application and subsequent rain were arranged in a repetitive pattern at different scales. Soil samples in 10-cm increments down to 1-m depth were collected along the transect for Br- analysis after rainfall simulation. Owing to continuous macropores, supporting the development of preferential flow, soil Br- was more evenly distributed with soil depth and reached greater depth in grassland. Increasing rainfall intensity enforced the deep leaching of Br-. Frequency-domain analysis revealed that the dominant factor controlling Br- leaching varied with depth. At 0 to 10 cm, rainfall intensity was strongly correlated with Br- concentration; while in the soil layer below, application time delay was the main driver for the spatial distribution of Br-. With increasing soil depth, the spatial behavior of Br- was mainly caused by soil properties such as soil texture and topography, rather than rainfall characteristics. Nevertheless, rainfall intensity was found to be positively correlated with Br- concentration in deep soil, indicating a great risk of deep leaching and groundwater contamination under heavy rainfall. These results have direct implications for the surface application of chemicals.
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U2 - 10.2136/sssaj2013.01.0018
DO - 10.2136/sssaj2013.01.0018
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84880762528
SN - 0361-5995
VL - 77
SP - 1157
EP - 1167
JO - Soil Science Society of America Journal
JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal
IS - 4
ER -