TY - JOUR
T1 - First randomized controlled trial (RCT) of methadone (M), levomethadyl acetate (LAAM) and buprenorphine (BUP) in opioid dependence treatment
AU - Johnson, R. E.
AU - Chutuape, M. A.
AU - Strain, E. C.
AU - Walsh, S. L.
AU - Stitzer, M. L.
AU - Bigelow, G. E.
PY - 1999
Y1 - 1999
N2 - Purpose: To compare the efficacy of M, LAAM and BUP in a single RCT. Methods: Opioid dependent subjects (N=220; 55/group) stratified on age, race, sex, cocaine use, ASP, and marital status were randomized into a parallel group, double-blind, triple-dummy 17 week study. Flexible thrice weekly doses of LAAM and BUP and high (H) daily dose M were compared to 20 mg low (L) daily dose M. Urine specimens (US), self-reports (SR) and global assessments (GA) were collected 3 times weekly, weekly and monthly, respectively. Primary outcome measures were: 1) opioid-negative US, 2) sustained abstinence (≥4 wk), 3) SR of IV opioid use, 4) treatment retention, and 5) GA. Preliminary Results: US negative for opioids was 40% (HM), 39% (LAAM), and 34% (BUP) compared to 16% (LM; p<.01). Sustained abstinence was 28% (HM), 36% (LAAM) and 28% (BUP) compared to 10% (LM: p=.01). Treatment retention was 73% (HM), 53% (LAAM) and 58% (BUP) compared to 20% (LM; p<.003). At 17 weeks, SR of IV opioid use were reduced by 90% (HM), 89% (LAAM) and 92% (BUP), compared to 51% (LM). Group differences (p<.05) for GA of severity and change in drug problems were observed with greater improvement with HM, LAAM and BUP. Conclusions: All 3 medications are efficacious treatments for opioid dependence.
AB - Purpose: To compare the efficacy of M, LAAM and BUP in a single RCT. Methods: Opioid dependent subjects (N=220; 55/group) stratified on age, race, sex, cocaine use, ASP, and marital status were randomized into a parallel group, double-blind, triple-dummy 17 week study. Flexible thrice weekly doses of LAAM and BUP and high (H) daily dose M were compared to 20 mg low (L) daily dose M. Urine specimens (US), self-reports (SR) and global assessments (GA) were collected 3 times weekly, weekly and monthly, respectively. Primary outcome measures were: 1) opioid-negative US, 2) sustained abstinence (≥4 wk), 3) SR of IV opioid use, 4) treatment retention, and 5) GA. Preliminary Results: US negative for opioids was 40% (HM), 39% (LAAM), and 34% (BUP) compared to 16% (LM; p<.01). Sustained abstinence was 28% (HM), 36% (LAAM) and 28% (BUP) compared to 10% (LM: p=.01). Treatment retention was 73% (HM), 53% (LAAM) and 58% (BUP) compared to 20% (LM; p<.003). At 17 weeks, SR of IV opioid use were reduced by 90% (HM), 89% (LAAM) and 92% (BUP), compared to 51% (LM). Group differences (p<.05) for GA of severity and change in drug problems were observed with greater improvement with HM, LAAM and BUP. Conclusions: All 3 medications are efficacious treatments for opioid dependence.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0009-9236(99)80114-3
DO - 10.1016/S0009-9236(99)80114-3
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0013639552
VL - 65
SP - 145
IS - 2
ER -