TY - JOUR
T1 - Gut morphology and nutrient retention responses of broiler chicks and White Pekin ducklings to dietary threonine deficiency
AU - Horn, N. L.
AU - Radcliffe, J. S.
AU - Applegate, T. J.
AU - Adeola, O.
PY - 2010/12
Y1 - 2010/12
N2 - Growth performance, villi length and width, nutrient digestibility, basal short-circuit current, and glutamine transport were investigated in male broilers and White Pekin ducklings offered diets containing 3.3, 5.8, or 8.2 g of threonine (Thr) kg-1 in four studies. Seventy-two birds of each species were fed a standard broiler starter diet from 1 to 14 d of age followed by assignment to three dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design for a 7-d feeding trial in exp. 1 (broilers) and exp. 2 (ducklings). The dietary treatments consisted of an isonitrogenous, corn-soybean-meal-based diet with the addition of crystalline amino acids and graded levels of Thr. Dietary formulation and experimental design for exp. 3(broilers) and exp. 4 (ducklings) were similar to exps. 1 and 2 except that birds were fed 3.3 or 8.2 g Thr kg-1 for a duration of 14 d. Chromic oxide was added to the dietary treatments as an indigestible marker. Excreta were collected on day 19 to 21 of age for exps. 1 and 2, and from day 26 to 28 of age for exps. 3and 4. For chicks, there was no effect of dietary treatment on gain for birds fed treatments for 7 d, whereas gain increased (P<0.001) as dietary Thr increased in birds fed dietary treatments for 14 d. Dry-matter retention increased (P<0.05) as dietary Thr increased in chicks fed for 7 and 14 d. Threonine increased P retention (P=0.02), but not Ca or N retention in chicks fed dietary treatments for 14 d. Increasing dietary Thr increased gain (P<0.05) for ducklings fed dietary treatments for 7 and 14 d. Furthermore, DM retention increased (P<0.05) as dietary Thr increased for ducklings fed dietary treatments for 7 and 14 d. Nitrogen retention increased (P=0.04) as dietary Thr increased in ducklings fed dietary treatments for 14 d, but there was no effect of dietary treatment on P or Ca retention. There was no effect of dietary treatment on villi characteristics, basal short-circuit current, or glutamine transport in chicks or ducklings. The data established a link between dietary Thr and nutrient retention in broiler chicks and ducklings, although villi characteristics and permeability measurements were not altered.
AB - Growth performance, villi length and width, nutrient digestibility, basal short-circuit current, and glutamine transport were investigated in male broilers and White Pekin ducklings offered diets containing 3.3, 5.8, or 8.2 g of threonine (Thr) kg-1 in four studies. Seventy-two birds of each species were fed a standard broiler starter diet from 1 to 14 d of age followed by assignment to three dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design for a 7-d feeding trial in exp. 1 (broilers) and exp. 2 (ducklings). The dietary treatments consisted of an isonitrogenous, corn-soybean-meal-based diet with the addition of crystalline amino acids and graded levels of Thr. Dietary formulation and experimental design for exp. 3(broilers) and exp. 4 (ducklings) were similar to exps. 1 and 2 except that birds were fed 3.3 or 8.2 g Thr kg-1 for a duration of 14 d. Chromic oxide was added to the dietary treatments as an indigestible marker. Excreta were collected on day 19 to 21 of age for exps. 1 and 2, and from day 26 to 28 of age for exps. 3and 4. For chicks, there was no effect of dietary treatment on gain for birds fed treatments for 7 d, whereas gain increased (P<0.001) as dietary Thr increased in birds fed dietary treatments for 14 d. Dry-matter retention increased (P<0.05) as dietary Thr increased in chicks fed for 7 and 14 d. Threonine increased P retention (P=0.02), but not Ca or N retention in chicks fed dietary treatments for 14 d. Increasing dietary Thr increased gain (P<0.05) for ducklings fed dietary treatments for 7 and 14 d. Furthermore, DM retention increased (P<0.05) as dietary Thr increased for ducklings fed dietary treatments for 7 and 14 d. Nitrogen retention increased (P=0.04) as dietary Thr increased in ducklings fed dietary treatments for 14 d, but there was no effect of dietary treatment on P or Ca retention. There was no effect of dietary treatment on villi characteristics, basal short-circuit current, or glutamine transport in chicks or ducklings. The data established a link between dietary Thr and nutrient retention in broiler chicks and ducklings, although villi characteristics and permeability measurements were not altered.
KW - Broiler
KW - Duckling
KW - Nutrient retention
KW - Threonine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78650249660&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=78650249660&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4141/CJAS10024
DO - 10.4141/CJAS10024
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:78650249660
SN - 0008-3984
VL - 90
SP - 513
EP - 520
JO - Canadian Journal of Animal Science
JF - Canadian Journal of Animal Science
IS - 4
ER -