Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) proteins control animal development by regulating the Gli/Ci family of transcription factors. In Drosophila, Hh counteracts phosphorylation by PKA, GSK3, and CKI to prevent Cubitus interruptus (Ci) processing through unknown mechanisms. Here, we show that these kinases physically interact with the kinesin-like protein Costal2 (Cos2) to control Ci processing and that Hh inhibits such interaction. Cos2 is required for Ci phosphorylation in vivo, and Cos2-immunocomplexes (Cos2IPs) phosphorylate Ci and contain PKA, GSK3, and CKI. By using a Kinesin-Cos2 chimeric protein that carries Cos2-interacting proteins to the microtubule plus end, we demonstrated that these kinases bind Cos2 in intact cells. PKA, GSK3, and CKI directly bind the N- and C-terminal regions of Cos2, both of which are essential for Ci processing. Finally, we showed that Hh signaling inhibits Cos2-kinase complex formation. We propose that Cos2 recruits multiple kinases to efficiently phosphorylate Ci and that Hh inhibits Ci phosphorylation by specifically interfering with kinase recruitment.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 267-278 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Developmental Cell |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 2005 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We thank Liping Luo for technical assistance; Drs. Dan Kalderon, L. Goldstein, P. Beachy, M. Scott, D. Virshup, M. Bourouis, J.R. Woodgett, J. Peters, P. Therond, and G. Struhl for reagents; and Dr. K. Wharton for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health and the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Scholar Program to Jin Jiang (J.J.). J.J. is also a Eugene McDermott Endowed Scholar in Biomedical Science at the University of Texas Southwestern.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Molecular Biology
- General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Cell Biology