TY - JOUR
T1 - Historical evolution of surgical approaches to the face—part III
T2 - lower face
AU - Sifuentes-Cervantes, Jose S.
AU - Carrillo-Morales, Francisco
AU - Castro-Núñez, Jaime
AU - Chivukula, Bhargav Venkata
AU - Cunningham, Larry L.
AU - Van Sickels, Joseph E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022/3
Y1 - 2022/3
N2 - Surgical approaches to the head and maxillofacial area have been described and modified by many authors throughout history. It was, however, during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries when most of the techniques were described, mainly thanks to the advent of anesthesia and antibiotic therapy. Currently, a myriad of surgical techniques are employed to access the maxillofacial complex, with each of them having advantages and disadvantages. Although the approaches are the subject of textbooks and articles, most do not describe the circumstances or the historical context under which they were designed. In a series of three articles, we will provide a historical perspective of the most common surgical approaches to the head and face employed today. Descriptions contain advantages and disadvantages and modifications are provided. The purpose of the present article (3/3) is to review the approaches to the lower face.
AB - Surgical approaches to the head and maxillofacial area have been described and modified by many authors throughout history. It was, however, during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries when most of the techniques were described, mainly thanks to the advent of anesthesia and antibiotic therapy. Currently, a myriad of surgical techniques are employed to access the maxillofacial complex, with each of them having advantages and disadvantages. Although the approaches are the subject of textbooks and articles, most do not describe the circumstances or the historical context under which they were designed. In a series of three articles, we will provide a historical perspective of the most common surgical approaches to the head and face employed today. Descriptions contain advantages and disadvantages and modifications are provided. The purpose of the present article (3/3) is to review the approaches to the lower face.
KW - History
KW - Maxillofacial trauma
KW - Oral and maxillofacial surgery
KW - Oral pathology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104826757&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85104826757&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10006-021-00957-9
DO - 10.1007/s10006-021-00957-9
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33864538
AN - SCOPUS:85104826757
SN - 1865-1550
VL - 26
JO - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
JF - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
IS - 1
ER -