In-vacuo work function measurement of dispenser cathodes

Phillip D. Swartzentruber; Michael J. Detisch; T. John Balk

doi:10.1109/IVEC.2016.7561924

In-vacuo work function measurement of dispenser cathodes

Phillip D. Swartzentruber, Michael J. Detisch, T. John Balk

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

A novel experimental technique was used for direct measurement of cathode material work function at elevated temperature. Dispenser cathodes were activated in a vacuum chamber and the work function determined from the contact potential difference between the cathode and a precisely calibrated probe tip. The experimental test setup allowed for cathodes to be activated and the work function measured without breaking vacuum. B-Type, M-Type, and other cathodes were activated and their work function tracked during the initial heating stage and during cooling after activation. The various cathode types showed a smooth increase in work function as the cathode cooled, but the B-Type had a lower room temperature work function than other cathodes. It is suggested that residual gas in the chamber may have caused the rise in work function during cooling.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016
ISBN (Electronic)	9781467392167
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC.2016.7561924
State	Published - Sep 6 2016
Event	17th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016 - Monterey, United States Duration: Apr 19 2016 → Apr 21 2016

Publication series

Name	2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016

Conference

Conference	17th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016
Country/Territory	United States
City	Monterey
Period	4/19/16 → 4/21/16

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 IEEE.

Keywords

cathode
heating
work function

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1109/IVEC.2016.7561924

Cite this

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title = "In-vacuo work function measurement of dispenser cathodes",

abstract = "A novel experimental technique was used for direct measurement of cathode material work function at elevated temperature. Dispenser cathodes were activated in a vacuum chamber and the work function determined from the contact potential difference between the cathode and a precisely calibrated probe tip. The experimental test setup allowed for cathodes to be activated and the work function measured without breaking vacuum. B-Type, M-Type, and other cathodes were activated and their work function tracked during the initial heating stage and during cooling after activation. The various cathode types showed a smooth increase in work function as the cathode cooled, but the B-Type had a lower room temperature work function than other cathodes. It is suggested that residual gas in the chamber may have caused the rise in work function during cooling.",

keywords = "cathode, heating, work function",

author = "Swartzentruber, {Phillip D.} and Detisch, {Michael J.} and Balk, {T. John}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 IEEE.; 17th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016 ; Conference date: 19-04-2016 Through 21-04-2016",

year = "2016",

month = sep,

day = "6",

doi = "10.1109/IVEC.2016.7561924",

language = "English",

series = "2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016",

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Swartzentruber, PD, Detisch, MJ & Balk, TJ 2016, In-vacuo work function measurement of dispenser cathodes. in 2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016., 7561924, 2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016, 17th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016, Monterey, United States, 4/19/16. https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC.2016.7561924

In-vacuo work function measurement of dispenser cathodes. / Swartzentruber, Phillip D.; Detisch, Michael J.; Balk, T. John.
2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016. 2016. 7561924 (2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - In-vacuo work function measurement of dispenser cathodes

AU - Swartzentruber, Phillip D.

AU - Detisch, Michael J.

AU - Balk, T. John

PY - 2016/9/6

Y1 - 2016/9/6

N2 - A novel experimental technique was used for direct measurement of cathode material work function at elevated temperature. Dispenser cathodes were activated in a vacuum chamber and the work function determined from the contact potential difference between the cathode and a precisely calibrated probe tip. The experimental test setup allowed for cathodes to be activated and the work function measured without breaking vacuum. B-Type, M-Type, and other cathodes were activated and their work function tracked during the initial heating stage and during cooling after activation. The various cathode types showed a smooth increase in work function as the cathode cooled, but the B-Type had a lower room temperature work function than other cathodes. It is suggested that residual gas in the chamber may have caused the rise in work function during cooling.

AB - A novel experimental technique was used for direct measurement of cathode material work function at elevated temperature. Dispenser cathodes were activated in a vacuum chamber and the work function determined from the contact potential difference between the cathode and a precisely calibrated probe tip. The experimental test setup allowed for cathodes to be activated and the work function measured without breaking vacuum. B-Type, M-Type, and other cathodes were activated and their work function tracked during the initial heating stage and during cooling after activation. The various cathode types showed a smooth increase in work function as the cathode cooled, but the B-Type had a lower room temperature work function than other cathodes. It is suggested that residual gas in the chamber may have caused the rise in work function during cooling.

KW - cathode

KW - heating

KW - work function

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M3 - Conference contribution

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T3 - 2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016

BT - 2016 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016

T2 - 17th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2016

Y2 - 19 April 2016 through 21 April 2016

ER -

In-vacuo work function measurement of dispenser cathodes

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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