Increasing the Reinforcing Value of Exercise in Overweight Adults

Kyle D. Flack; Kelsey Ufholz; Lu Ann Johnson; James N. Roemmich

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00265

Increasing the Reinforcing Value of Exercise in Overweight Adults

Kyle D. Flack, Kelsey Ufholz, Lu Ann Johnson, James N. Roemmich

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: This study determined whether a moderate- or high-dose exercise program increases exercise reinforcement. Increasing the relative reinforcing value of exercise (RRV_exercise; i.e., incentive sensitization of exercise) may increase the usual physical activity (PA) participation. Preference and/or tolerance for the intensity of exercise was also assessed. Design: Sedentary men and women (body mass index, BMI: 25–35 kg/m²) were randomized into parallel exercise training groups expending either 300 (n = 18) or 600 (n = 18) kcal/exercise session, five sessions/week, for 12 weeks. Methods: The RRV_exercise was determined by how much work was performed for exercise relative to a sedentary alternative in a progressive ratio schedule task. Preference and tolerance for exercise intensity were determined by questionnaire. Results: RRV_exercise increased (P < 0.05) in both groups. Exercise reinforcement, defined as the amount of work completed for exercise without taking sedentary activity into account, increased (P < 0.01) in the 600 kcal group only. Preference and tolerance for exercise intensity increased (P < 0.01) in both groups, which predicted increases in RRV_exercise. Conclusion: Expending 300 or 600 kcal, 5 days/week increases RRV_exercise, while 600 kcal, 5 days/week may be needed to increase exercise reinforcement.

Original language	English
Article number	265
Journal	Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
Volume	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00265
State	Published - Dec 3 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We would like to thank Doreen Rolshoven, Jackie Nelson, and student interns for their assistance with the implementation of the protocol, data collection, and data entry. Funding. This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), and Project 3062-51000-051-00D. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement from the U.S. government. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation.

Funding Information:
This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), and Project 3062-51000-051-00D. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement from the U.S. government. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation.

Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2019 Flack, Ufholz, Johnson and Roemmich.

Keywords

dopamine
exercise
incentive sensitization
motivation
reward

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
Behavioral Neuroscience

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10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00265

Cite this

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title = "Increasing the Reinforcing Value of Exercise in Overweight Adults",

abstract = "Objectives: This study determined whether a moderate- or high-dose exercise program increases exercise reinforcement. Increasing the relative reinforcing value of exercise (RRVexercise; i.e., incentive sensitization of exercise) may increase the usual physical activity (PA) participation. Preference and/or tolerance for the intensity of exercise was also assessed. Design: Sedentary men and women (body mass index, BMI: 25–35 kg/m2) were randomized into parallel exercise training groups expending either 300 (n = 18) or 600 (n = 18) kcal/exercise session, five sessions/week, for 12 weeks. Methods: The RRVexercise was determined by how much work was performed for exercise relative to a sedentary alternative in a progressive ratio schedule task. Preference and tolerance for exercise intensity were determined by questionnaire. Results: RRVexercise increased (P < 0.05) in both groups. Exercise reinforcement, defined as the amount of work completed for exercise without taking sedentary activity into account, increased (P < 0.01) in the 600 kcal group only. Preference and tolerance for exercise intensity increased (P < 0.01) in both groups, which predicted increases in RRVexercise. Conclusion: Expending 300 or 600 kcal, 5 days/week increases RRVexercise, while 600 kcal, 5 days/week may be needed to increase exercise reinforcement.",

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author = "Flack, {Kyle D.} and Kelsey Ufholz and Johnson, {Lu Ann} and Roemmich, {James N.}",

note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank Doreen Rolshoven, Jackie Nelson, and student interns for their assistance with the implementation of the protocol, data collection, and data entry. Funding. This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), and Project 3062-51000-051-00D. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement from the U.S. government. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. Funding Information: This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), and Project 3062-51000-051-00D. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement from the U.S. government. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright {\textcopyright} 2019 Flack, Ufholz, Johnson and Roemmich.",

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Increasing the Reinforcing Value of Exercise in Overweight Adults

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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