Increasing the Reinforcing Value of Exercise in Overweight Adults

Objectives: This study determined whether a moderate- or high-dose exercise program increases exercise reinforcement. Increasing the relative reinforcing value of exercise (RRV_exercise; i.e., incentive sensitization of exercise) may increase the usual physical activity (PA) participation. Preference and/or tolerance for the intensity of exercise was also assessed. Design: Sedentary men and women (body mass index, BMI: 25–35 kg/m²) were randomized into parallel exercise training groups expending either 300 (n = 18) or 600 (n = 18) kcal/exercise session, five sessions/week, for 12 weeks. Methods: The RRV_exercise was determined by how much work was performed for exercise relative to a sedentary alternative in a progressive ratio schedule task. Preference and tolerance for exercise intensity were determined by questionnaire. Results: RRV_exercise increased (P < 0.05) in both groups. Exercise reinforcement, defined as the amount of work completed for exercise without taking sedentary activity into account, increased (P < 0.01) in the 600 kcal group only. Preference and tolerance for exercise intensity increased (P < 0.01) in both groups, which predicted increases in RRV_exercise. Conclusion: Expending 300 or 600 kcal, 5 days/week increases RRV_exercise, while 600 kcal, 5 days/week may be needed to increase exercise reinforcement.