8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Depression is common in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated with inflammation. Inflammation contributes to the development of CVD and can be modulated by diet. However, the role of inflammatory properties of diet in the relationship between depressive symptoms and CVD risk is not well understood. We hypothesized that the inflammatory properties of diet mediate the relationship between depressive symptoms and CVD risk in men and women. Cross-sectional data collected by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2014) were used for the study. Depressive symptoms scores, inflammatory properties of diet, and CVD risk were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and the Framingham risk score (FRS), respectively. Generalized linear models were used for the mediation analysis. There were significant differences in the proportions of men and women in the depressed group (PHQ-9 ≥ 10; 5.24 ± 0.65% vs 9.36 ± 0.87%, P <. 001) and high CVD risk group (FRS >20%; 16.47 ± 0.79% vs 6.03 ± 0.32%, P <. 001). The DII partially mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and CVD risk in men (indirect effect: 0.06, P =. 010) but fully mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and CVD risk in women (indirect effect: 0.10, P <. 001). These findings confirmed our hypothesis that inflammatory properties of diet at least partially mediate the relationship between depressive symptoms and CVD risk in men and women. Our findings suggest that interventions designed to reduce depressive symptoms should contain strategies to reduce pro-inflammatory and increase anti-inflammatory properties of diet to decrease CVD risk.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)78-86
Number of pages9
JournalNutrition Research
Volume74
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Keywords

  • C-reactive protein
  • Cardiovascular Disease Risk
  • Depression
  • Dietary Inflammatory Index
  • Mediation
  • NHANES

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Endocrinology
  • Nutrition and Dietetics

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