Johnson-Nyquist noise effects in neutron electric-dipole-moment experiments

N. J. Ayres, G. Ban, G. Bison, K. Bodek, V. Bondar, P. J. Chiu, B. Clement, C. B. Crawford, M. Daum, S. Emmenegger, M. Fertl, A. Fratangelo, W. C. Griffith, Z. D. Grujić, P. G. Harris, K. Kirch, P. A. Koss, B. Lauss, T. Lefort, P. MohanmurthyO. Naviliat-Cuncic, D. Pais, F. M. Piegsa, G. Pignol, D. Rebreyend, I. Rienäcker, D. Ries, S. Roccia, K. U. Ross, D. Rozpedzik, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, A. Schnabel, N. Severijns, B. Shen, R. Tavakoli Dinani, J. A. Thorne, R. Virot, N. Yazdandoost, J. Zejma, G. Zsigmond

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Magnetic Johnson-Nyquist noise (JNN) originating from metal electrodes, used to create a static electric field in neutron electric-dipole-moment (nEDM) experiments, may limit the sensitivity of measurements. We present here a dedicated study on JNN applied to a large-scale long-measurement-time experiment with the implementation of a comagnetometry. In this study, we derive surface- and volume-averaged root-mean-square normal noise amplitudes at a certain frequency bandwidth for a cylindrical geometry. In addition, we model the source of noise as a finite number of current dipoles and demonstrate a method to simulate temporal and three-dimensional spatial dependencies of JNN. The calculations are applied to estimate the impact of JNN on measurements with the new apparatus, n2EDM, at the Paul Scherrer Institute. We demonstrate that the performances of the optically pumped Cs133 magnetometers and Hg199 comagnetometers, which will be used in the apparatus, are not limited by JNN. Further, we find that, in measurements deploying a comagnetometer system, the impact of JNN is negligible for nEDM searches down to a sensitivity of 4×10-28ecm in a single measurement; therefore, the use of economically and mechanically favored solid aluminum electrodes is possible.

Original languageEnglish
Article number062801
JournalPhysical Review A
Volume103
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Physical Society.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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