Lack of phenotypic variation despite population structure in larval utilization of pea aphids by populations of the lady beetle Hippodamia convergens

Christy Grenier; Bryce Summerhays; Ryan Cartmill; Tanairi Martinez; Roxane Saisho; Alexander Rothenberg; Alicia Tovar; Andrew Rynerson; Jerrika Scott; John J. Obrycki; Arun Sethuraman

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104507

Lack of phenotypic variation despite population structure in larval utilization of pea aphids by populations of the lady beetle Hippodamia convergens

Christy Grenier, Bryce Summerhays, Ryan Cartmill, Tanairi Martinez, Roxane Saisho, Alexander Rothenberg, Alicia Tovar, Andrew Rynerson, Jerrika Scott, John J. Obrycki, Arun Sethuraman

Entomology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

The convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens) is a generalist natural enemy that is utilized extensively in augmentative biological control across the United States. Recent studies have pointed to both genetic and phenotypic differences in Western (California) versus Eastern (Kansas) populations of the species. Here we investigate (1) genetic population structure, and (2) phenotypic differences in the utilization of pea aphids at temperatures that resemble the Western United States in (a) Eastern versus Western populations, (b) F1 Eastern X Western hybrids versus their progenitor populations, and investigate the effects of competition between (c) Eastern and Western populations. We found no differences in final pupal weight, or the net weight gain ratio through larval development from the third instar to pupal stage, despite genetic population structure. Our study points towards plastic response and effectiveness in feeding phenotypes of Eastern and Western populations of H. convergens, and the absence of hybrid vigor and heterozygote advantages in hybrids.

Original language	English
Article number	104507
Journal	Biological Control
Volume	155
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104507
State	Published - Apr 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s)

Funding

This work was funded by USDA grant #2017-06423 to Drs. George Vourlitis and Arun Sethuraman. AS was supported by NSF ABI Development grant #1564659. We would like to acknowledge our collaborator, Dr. JP Michaud for field collecting and shipping the Kansas (Eastern) population of H. convergens. RS, RC were funded by a CSUSM Summer Scholars fellowship, and JS was funded by an NSF REU grant #1852189 to Drs. Betsy Read and Arun Sethuraman. We would also like to thank Dr. Elinne Becket for help with optimizing the microsatellite analyses. We also thank the reviewers and editors for their insightful comments that have helped strengthen this study.

Funders	Funder number
NSF ABI Development	1564659
National Science Foundation Arctic Social Science Program	1852189
U.S. Department of Agriculture	2017-06423
California State University San Marcos

Keywords

Augmentative biological control
Phenotypic plasticity
Population structure

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Agronomy and Crop Science
Insect Science

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10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104507

Cite this

Grenier, C., Summerhays, B., Cartmill, R., Martinez, T., Saisho, R., Rothenberg, A., Tovar, A., Rynerson, A., Scott, J., Obrycki, J. J., & Sethuraman, A. (2021). Lack of phenotypic variation despite population structure in larval utilization of pea aphids by populations of the lady beetle Hippodamia convergens. Biological Control, 155, Article 104507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104507

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abstract = "The convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens) is a generalist natural enemy that is utilized extensively in augmentative biological control across the United States. Recent studies have pointed to both genetic and phenotypic differences in Western (California) versus Eastern (Kansas) populations of the species. Here we investigate (1) genetic population structure, and (2) phenotypic differences in the utilization of pea aphids at temperatures that resemble the Western United States in (a) Eastern versus Western populations, (b) F1 Eastern X Western hybrids versus their progenitor populations, and investigate the effects of competition between (c) Eastern and Western populations. We found no differences in final pupal weight, or the net weight gain ratio through larval development from the third instar to pupal stage, despite genetic population structure. Our study points towards plastic response and effectiveness in feeding phenotypes of Eastern and Western populations of H. convergens, and the absence of hybrid vigor and heterozygote advantages in hybrids.",

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Grenier, C, Summerhays, B, Cartmill, R, Martinez, T, Saisho, R, Rothenberg, A, Tovar, A, Rynerson, A, Scott, J, Obrycki, JJ & Sethuraman, A 2021, 'Lack of phenotypic variation despite population structure in larval utilization of pea aphids by populations of the lady beetle Hippodamia convergens', Biological Control, vol. 155, 104507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104507

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AU - Cartmill, Ryan

AU - Martinez, Tanairi

AU - Saisho, Roxane

AU - Rothenberg, Alexander

AU - Tovar, Alicia

AU - Rynerson, Andrew

AU - Scott, Jerrika

AU - Obrycki, John J.

AU - Sethuraman, Arun

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N2 - The convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens) is a generalist natural enemy that is utilized extensively in augmentative biological control across the United States. Recent studies have pointed to both genetic and phenotypic differences in Western (California) versus Eastern (Kansas) populations of the species. Here we investigate (1) genetic population structure, and (2) phenotypic differences in the utilization of pea aphids at temperatures that resemble the Western United States in (a) Eastern versus Western populations, (b) F1 Eastern X Western hybrids versus their progenitor populations, and investigate the effects of competition between (c) Eastern and Western populations. We found no differences in final pupal weight, or the net weight gain ratio through larval development from the third instar to pupal stage, despite genetic population structure. Our study points towards plastic response and effectiveness in feeding phenotypes of Eastern and Western populations of H. convergens, and the absence of hybrid vigor and heterozygote advantages in hybrids.

AB - The convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens) is a generalist natural enemy that is utilized extensively in augmentative biological control across the United States. Recent studies have pointed to both genetic and phenotypic differences in Western (California) versus Eastern (Kansas) populations of the species. Here we investigate (1) genetic population structure, and (2) phenotypic differences in the utilization of pea aphids at temperatures that resemble the Western United States in (a) Eastern versus Western populations, (b) F1 Eastern X Western hybrids versus their progenitor populations, and investigate the effects of competition between (c) Eastern and Western populations. We found no differences in final pupal weight, or the net weight gain ratio through larval development from the third instar to pupal stage, despite genetic population structure. Our study points towards plastic response and effectiveness in feeding phenotypes of Eastern and Western populations of H. convergens, and the absence of hybrid vigor and heterozygote advantages in hybrids.

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Lack of phenotypic variation despite population structure in larval utilization of pea aphids by populations of the lady beetle Hippodamia convergens

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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