Abstract
The intrinsically disordered proteins belonging to the LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT protein (LEAP) family have been ascribed a protective function over an array of intracellular components. We focus on how LEAPs may protect a stress-susceptible proteome. These examples include instances of LEAPs providing a shield molecule function, possibly by instigating liquid-liquid phase separations. Some LEAPs bind directly to their client proteins, exerting a holdase-type chaperonin function. Finally, instances of LEAP–client protein interactions have been documented, where the LEAP modulates (interferes with) the function of the client protein, acting as a surreptitious rheostat of cellular homeostasis. From the examples identified to date, it is apparent that client protein modulation also serves to mitigate stress. While some LEAPs can physically bind and protect client proteins, some apparently bind to assist the degradation of the client proteins with which they associate. Documented instances of LEAP–client protein binding, even in the absence of stress, brings to the fore the necessity of identifying how the LEAPs are degraded post-stress to render them innocuous, a first step in understanding how the cell regulates their abundance.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 814 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-35 |
| Number of pages | 35 |
| Journal | Plants |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jul 2020 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Funding
Funding: A.B.D. and L.M.A.D. wish to acknowledge funding from the USDA National Institute of Food And Agriculture Hatch Project 1019088, and the Army Research Office: W911NF-19-1-0222. We wish to recognize Al-Muthanna University, Iraq, for granting a one-year sabbatical (C.G.A.). We wish to thank the Higher Education Commission, (HEC), Pakistan for funding a six-month sabbatical for (I.A.) and the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan for granting this sabbatical. I.C.S.N. and F.E.C.B.P. were supported as PhD students by The Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES) scholarship and by the Sebastiao Maia de Andrade Foundation, respectively. C.C.P. was supported as an undergraduate student by a CAPES scholarship spending a semester at the University of Kentucky towards her degree. The National University of São Paulo, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil awarded a one-year sabbatical under the auspices of a Research Support Foundation of São Paulo State grant (FAPESP - 2015/26238-9; S.H.U.T.). A.B.D. and L.M.A.D. wish to acknowledge funding from the USDA National Institute of Food And Agriculture Hatch Project 1019088, and the Army Research Office: W911NF-19-1-0222. We wish to recognize Al-Muthanna University, Iraq, for granting a one-year sabbatical (C.G.A.). We wish to thank the Higher Education Commission, (HEC), Pakistan for funding a six-month sabbatical for (I.A.) and the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan for granting this sabbatical. I.C.S.N. and F.E.C.B.P. were supported as PhD students by The Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES) scholarship and by the Sebastiao Maia de Andrade Foundation, respectively. C.C.P. was supported as an undergraduate student by a CAPES scholarship spending a semester at the University of Kentucky towards her degree. The National University of S?o Paulo, Jaboticabal, S?o Paulo, Brazil awarded a one-year sabbatical under the auspices of a Research Support Foundation of S?o Paulo State grant (FAPESP-2015/26238-9; S.H.U.T.). Acknowledgments: The authors wish to acknowledge Christy G. Cassady for maintaining the LEAPin website and the University of Kentucky, Department of Horticulture for housing the site http://www.uky.edu/hort/LEAPin_overview. The authors have made a considerable effort to identify and include manuscripts that have documented phenotypes of LEAP overexpressors, mutants, RNAi lines, and evidence of LEAP:client protein interaction (Tables S1 and S2). If we have missed a study, we apologize for the over-sight and we would be most interested in obtaining a copy of any such manuscript(s).
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education | |
| FAPESP-2015 | /26238-9 |
| Chonbuk National University | |
| National University of São Paulo | |
| Sebastiao Maia de Andrade Foundation | |
| USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch | 1019088 |
| Federal University of Agriculture, Abeoukuta | |
| Army Research Office | W911NF-19-1-0222 |
| Alabama Commission on Higher Education | |
| University of Kentucky | |
| Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo | 2015/26238-9 |
| Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior | |
| Higher Education Commission, Pakistan |
Keywords
- Desiccation
- Late embryogenesis abundant
- Natural protection and repair mechanism
- Protein interaction
- Seed
- Stress
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
- Ecology
- Plant Science