Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB 2 coatings: Effects of atmosphere and speed

E. Konca; Y. T. Cheng; A. T. Alpas

Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB ₂ coatings: Effects of atmosphere and speed

E. Konca, Y. T. Cheng, A. T. Alpas

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

In an attempt to better understand the mechanisms of material transfer and adhesion to coated surfaces, magnetron sputtered TiB ₂ coatings on M2 tool steel discs have been tested against commercially pure Al, Cu and Ti pins using an environmentally controlled vacuum pin-on-disc tribometer. A constant load of 4.9 N and three different sliding speeds of 0.015, 0.120 and 0.650 m/s were employed. Pin-on-disc tests were done in ambient air and under argon atmosphere. Material transfer to the TiB ₂ surface was observed to occur in two different morphologies including the formation of a thin layer of metal covering the counterface (smearing), and material transfer in the form of larger pieces, which normally became adhered to the counterface. The minimum amount of material transfer was from the Cu pin to the TiB ₂ coating surface in both argon and ambient air tests. For Al and Ti, the amount of material adhered to the coating surface was significantly greater in argon than in ambient air tests. The most severe form of adhesion occurred when the Ti pin was tested against the TiB ₂ coating in the argon atmosphere. For Al, the transfer material mostly smeared on the TiB ₂ surface in argon. More material was removed from the metal pins in ambient air and the transferred material became mostly oxidized loose wear debris during sliding. The relative amounts of the debris formed could be ranked with respect to the driving forces of the metals for oxidation (i.e. standard Gibbs free energy of oxide formation); it was highest for Al and lowest for Cu. Sliding speed affected both the amount and morphology of the material transferred onto the TiB ₂ coating surface. For Ti, the amount of material adhered to the TiB ₂ coating surface increased with sliding speed in both argon and ambient air. The adhered particles were mostly in the form of chunks of material at the high sliding speed. The observations reported here showed the importance of test atmosphere, loading conditions, and the mechanical properties of the metals on the adhesion and transfer behavior of metals on coating surfaces.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the (MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS
Editors	A. Agarwal, N.B. Dahotre, S. Seal, J.J. Moore, C. Blue
Pages	345-354
Number of pages	10
State	Published - 2005
Event	2005 TMS Annual Meeting - San Francisco, CA, United States Duration: Feb 13 2005 → Feb 17 2005

Publication series

Name	Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the(MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS

Conference

Conference	2005 TMS Annual Meeting
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Francisco, CA
Period	2/13/05 → 2/17/05

Keywords

Adhesion
Aluminum
Copper
Material Transfer
Pin-on-disc
Titanium Diboride

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Engineering

Cite this

Konca, E., Cheng, Y. T., & Alpas, A. T. (2005). Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB ₂ coatings: Effects of atmosphere and speed. In A. Agarwal, N. B. Dahotre, S. Seal, J. J. Moore, & C. Blue (Eds.), Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the (MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS (pp. 345-354). (Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the(MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS).

Konca, E. ; Cheng, Y. T. ; Alpas, A. T. / Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB ₂ coatings : Effects of atmosphere and speed. Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the (MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS. editor / A. Agarwal ; N.B. Dahotre ; S. Seal ; J.J. Moore ; C. Blue. 2005. pp. 345-354 (Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the(MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS).

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title = "Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB 2 coatings: Effects of atmosphere and speed",

abstract = "In an attempt to better understand the mechanisms of material transfer and adhesion to coated surfaces, magnetron sputtered TiB 2 coatings on M2 tool steel discs have been tested against commercially pure Al, Cu and Ti pins using an environmentally controlled vacuum pin-on-disc tribometer. A constant load of 4.9 N and three different sliding speeds of 0.015, 0.120 and 0.650 m/s were employed. Pin-on-disc tests were done in ambient air and under argon atmosphere. Material transfer to the TiB 2 surface was observed to occur in two different morphologies including the formation of a thin layer of metal covering the counterface (smearing), and material transfer in the form of larger pieces, which normally became adhered to the counterface. The minimum amount of material transfer was from the Cu pin to the TiB 2 coating surface in both argon and ambient air tests. For Al and Ti, the amount of material adhered to the coating surface was significantly greater in argon than in ambient air tests. The most severe form of adhesion occurred when the Ti pin was tested against the TiB 2 coating in the argon atmosphere. For Al, the transfer material mostly smeared on the TiB 2 surface in argon. More material was removed from the metal pins in ambient air and the transferred material became mostly oxidized loose wear debris during sliding. The relative amounts of the debris formed could be ranked with respect to the driving forces of the metals for oxidation (i.e. standard Gibbs free energy of oxide formation); it was highest for Al and lowest for Cu. Sliding speed affected both the amount and morphology of the material transferred onto the TiB 2 coating surface. For Ti, the amount of material adhered to the TiB 2 coating surface increased with sliding speed in both argon and ambient air. The adhered particles were mostly in the form of chunks of material at the high sliding speed. The observations reported here showed the importance of test atmosphere, loading conditions, and the mechanical properties of the metals on the adhesion and transfer behavior of metals on coating surfaces.",

keywords = "Adhesion, Aluminum, Copper, Material Transfer, Pin-on-disc, Titanium Diboride",

author = "E. Konca and Cheng, {Y. T.} and Alpas, {A. T.}",

year = "2005",

language = "English",

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booktitle = "Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the (MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS",

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Konca, E, Cheng, YT & Alpas, AT 2005, Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB ₂ coatings: Effects of atmosphere and speed. in A Agarwal, NB Dahotre, S Seal, JJ Moore & C Blue (eds), Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the (MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS. Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the(MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS, pp. 345-354, 2005 TMS Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2/13/05.

Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB ₂ coatings: Effects of atmosphere and speed. / Konca, E.; Cheng, Y. T.; Alpas, A. T.
Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the (MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS. ed. / A. Agarwal; N.B. Dahotre; S. Seal; J.J. Moore; C. Blue. 2005. p. 345-354 (Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the(MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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T1 - Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB 2 coatings

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AU - Cheng, Y. T.

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N2 - In an attempt to better understand the mechanisms of material transfer and adhesion to coated surfaces, magnetron sputtered TiB 2 coatings on M2 tool steel discs have been tested against commercially pure Al, Cu and Ti pins using an environmentally controlled vacuum pin-on-disc tribometer. A constant load of 4.9 N and three different sliding speeds of 0.015, 0.120 and 0.650 m/s were employed. Pin-on-disc tests were done in ambient air and under argon atmosphere. Material transfer to the TiB 2 surface was observed to occur in two different morphologies including the formation of a thin layer of metal covering the counterface (smearing), and material transfer in the form of larger pieces, which normally became adhered to the counterface. The minimum amount of material transfer was from the Cu pin to the TiB 2 coating surface in both argon and ambient air tests. For Al and Ti, the amount of material adhered to the coating surface was significantly greater in argon than in ambient air tests. The most severe form of adhesion occurred when the Ti pin was tested against the TiB 2 coating in the argon atmosphere. For Al, the transfer material mostly smeared on the TiB 2 surface in argon. More material was removed from the metal pins in ambient air and the transferred material became mostly oxidized loose wear debris during sliding. The relative amounts of the debris formed could be ranked with respect to the driving forces of the metals for oxidation (i.e. standard Gibbs free energy of oxide formation); it was highest for Al and lowest for Cu. Sliding speed affected both the amount and morphology of the material transferred onto the TiB 2 coating surface. For Ti, the amount of material adhered to the TiB 2 coating surface increased with sliding speed in both argon and ambient air. The adhered particles were mostly in the form of chunks of material at the high sliding speed. The observations reported here showed the importance of test atmosphere, loading conditions, and the mechanical properties of the metals on the adhesion and transfer behavior of metals on coating surfaces.

AB - In an attempt to better understand the mechanisms of material transfer and adhesion to coated surfaces, magnetron sputtered TiB 2 coatings on M2 tool steel discs have been tested against commercially pure Al, Cu and Ti pins using an environmentally controlled vacuum pin-on-disc tribometer. A constant load of 4.9 N and three different sliding speeds of 0.015, 0.120 and 0.650 m/s were employed. Pin-on-disc tests were done in ambient air and under argon atmosphere. Material transfer to the TiB 2 surface was observed to occur in two different morphologies including the formation of a thin layer of metal covering the counterface (smearing), and material transfer in the form of larger pieces, which normally became adhered to the counterface. The minimum amount of material transfer was from the Cu pin to the TiB 2 coating surface in both argon and ambient air tests. For Al and Ti, the amount of material adhered to the coating surface was significantly greater in argon than in ambient air tests. The most severe form of adhesion occurred when the Ti pin was tested against the TiB 2 coating in the argon atmosphere. For Al, the transfer material mostly smeared on the TiB 2 surface in argon. More material was removed from the metal pins in ambient air and the transferred material became mostly oxidized loose wear debris during sliding. The relative amounts of the debris formed could be ranked with respect to the driving forces of the metals for oxidation (i.e. standard Gibbs free energy of oxide formation); it was highest for Al and lowest for Cu. Sliding speed affected both the amount and morphology of the material transferred onto the TiB 2 coating surface. For Ti, the amount of material adhered to the TiB 2 coating surface increased with sliding speed in both argon and ambient air. The adhered particles were mostly in the form of chunks of material at the high sliding speed. The observations reported here showed the importance of test atmosphere, loading conditions, and the mechanical properties of the metals on the adhesion and transfer behavior of metals on coating surfaces.

KW - Adhesion

KW - Aluminum

KW - Copper

KW - Material Transfer

KW - Pin-on-disc

KW - Titanium Diboride

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M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:33645025351

SN - 0873395905

SN - 9780873395908

T3 - Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the(MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS

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BT - Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the (MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS

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Konca E, Cheng YT, Alpas AT. Material transfer between Al, Cu, Ti and TiB ₂ coatings: Effects of atmosphere and speed. In Agarwal A, Dahotre NB, Seal S, Moore JJ, Blue C, editors, Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the (MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS. 2005. p. 345-354. (Surface Engineering in Materials Science III - Proceedings of a Symposium sponsored by the Surface Engineering Committee of the(MPMD) of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, TMS).