Measurements of a LYSO crystal array from threshold to 100 MeV

O. Beesley; J. Carlton; B. Davis-Purcell; D. Ding; S. Foster; K. Frahm; L. Gibbons; T. Gorringe; D. W. Hertzog; S. Hochrein; J. Hui; P. Kammel; J. LaBounty; J. Liu; R. Roehnelt; P. Schwendimann; A. Soter; E. Swanson; B. Taylor

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2025.170320

Measurements of a LYSO crystal array from threshold to 100 MeV

O. Beesley, J. Carlton, B. Davis-Purcell, D. Ding, S. Foster, K. Frahm, L. Gibbons, T. Gorringe, D. W. Hertzog, S. Hochrein, J. Hui, P. Kammel, J. LaBounty, J. Liu, R. Roehnelt, P. Schwendimann, A. Soter, E. Swanson, B. Taylor

Physics And Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We report measurements of ten custom-made high-homogeneity LYSO crystals. The investigation is motivated by the need for a compact, high-resolution, and fast electromagnetic calorimeter for a new rare pion decay experiment. Each 2.5×2.5×18 cm³ crystal was first characterized for general light yield properties and then its longitudinal response uniformity and energy resolution were measured using low-energy gamma sources. The ten crystals were assembled as an array and subjected to a 30–100 MeV positron beam with excellent momentum definition. The energy and timing resolutions were measured as a function of energy, and the spatial resolution was determined at 70 MeV. An additional measurement using monoenergetic 17.6 MeV gammas produced through a p-Li resonance was later made after the photosensors used in positron testing were improved. As an example of the results, the energy resolution at 70 MeV of (1.52 ± 0.03) % is more than two times better than reported results using previous generation LYSO crystals.

Original language	English
Article number	170320
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	1075
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170320
State	Published - Jun 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2025

Funding

This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-04ER41286 and DE-FG02-97ER41020 . J. Liu is supported by the Hongwen Foundation in Hong Kong and the New Cornerstone Science Foundation in China . B. Davis-Purcell is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada . We thank the CENPA Technical and Accelerator staff for their assistance in this measurement and the PSI accelerator staff for support and delivery of reliable beam at multiple energies. The research institute SICCAS has been exceptionally instrumental in the development of LYSO as a scintillating option and in working with our group for customized crystals. We thank R. Gilman and E. Cline from the MUSE collaboration for sharing information about the M1 beamline. Expert advise from Ren-Yuan Zhu (Caltech) guided the early stages of this study. We also thank our PIONEER colleagues for their support and feedback.

Funders	Funder number
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
New Cornerstone Science Foundation in China
Hongwen Foundation
U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge National Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy National Science Foundation National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center	DE-FG02-97ER41020, DE-FG02-04ER41286
U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge National Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy National Science Foundation National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center

Keywords

Electromagnetic calorimeter
LYSO
Test beam

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Instrumentation

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10.1016/j.nima.2025.170320

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Beesley, O., Carlton, J., Davis-Purcell, B., Ding, D., Foster, S., Frahm, K., Gibbons, L., Gorringe, T., Hertzog, D. W., Hochrein, S., Hui, J., Kammel, P., LaBounty, J., Liu, J., Roehnelt, R., Schwendimann, P., Soter, A., Swanson, E., & Taylor, B. (2025). Measurements of a LYSO crystal array from threshold to 100 MeV. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1075, Article 170320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170320

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title = "Measurements of a LYSO crystal array from threshold to 100 MeV",

abstract = "We report measurements of ten custom-made high-homogeneity LYSO crystals. The investigation is motivated by the need for a compact, high-resolution, and fast electromagnetic calorimeter for a new rare pion decay experiment. Each 2.5×2.5×18 cm3 crystal was first characterized for general light yield properties and then its longitudinal response uniformity and energy resolution were measured using low-energy gamma sources. The ten crystals were assembled as an array and subjected to a 30–100 MeV positron beam with excellent momentum definition. The energy and timing resolutions were measured as a function of energy, and the spatial resolution was determined at 70 MeV. An additional measurement using monoenergetic 17.6 MeV gammas produced through a p-Li resonance was later made after the photosensors used in positron testing were improved. As an example of the results, the energy resolution at 70 MeV of (1.52 ± 0.03) \% is more than two times better than reported results using previous generation LYSO crystals.",

keywords = "Electromagnetic calorimeter, LYSO, Test beam",

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doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2025.170320",

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Beesley, O, Carlton, J, Davis-Purcell, B, Ding, D, Foster, S, Frahm, K, Gibbons, L, Gorringe, T, Hertzog, DW, Hochrein, S, Hui, J, Kammel, P, LaBounty, J, Liu, J, Roehnelt, R, Schwendimann, P, Soter, A, Swanson, E & Taylor, B 2025, 'Measurements of a LYSO crystal array from threshold to 100 MeV', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 1075, 170320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170320

TY - JOUR

T1 - Measurements of a LYSO crystal array from threshold to 100 MeV

AU - Beesley, O.

AU - Carlton, J.

AU - Davis-Purcell, B.

AU - Ding, D.

AU - Foster, S.

AU - Frahm, K.

AU - Gibbons, L.

AU - Gorringe, T.

AU - Hertzog, D. W.

AU - Hochrein, S.

AU - Hui, J.

AU - Kammel, P.

AU - LaBounty, J.

AU - Liu, J.

AU - Roehnelt, R.

AU - Schwendimann, P.

AU - Soter, A.

AU - Swanson, E.

AU - Taylor, B.

PY - 2025/6

Y1 - 2025/6

N2 - We report measurements of ten custom-made high-homogeneity LYSO crystals. The investigation is motivated by the need for a compact, high-resolution, and fast electromagnetic calorimeter for a new rare pion decay experiment. Each 2.5×2.5×18 cm3 crystal was first characterized for general light yield properties and then its longitudinal response uniformity and energy resolution were measured using low-energy gamma sources. The ten crystals were assembled as an array and subjected to a 30–100 MeV positron beam with excellent momentum definition. The energy and timing resolutions were measured as a function of energy, and the spatial resolution was determined at 70 MeV. An additional measurement using monoenergetic 17.6 MeV gammas produced through a p-Li resonance was later made after the photosensors used in positron testing were improved. As an example of the results, the energy resolution at 70 MeV of (1.52 ± 0.03) % is more than two times better than reported results using previous generation LYSO crystals.

AB - We report measurements of ten custom-made high-homogeneity LYSO crystals. The investigation is motivated by the need for a compact, high-resolution, and fast electromagnetic calorimeter for a new rare pion decay experiment. Each 2.5×2.5×18 cm3 crystal was first characterized for general light yield properties and then its longitudinal response uniformity and energy resolution were measured using low-energy gamma sources. The ten crystals were assembled as an array and subjected to a 30–100 MeV positron beam with excellent momentum definition. The energy and timing resolutions were measured as a function of energy, and the spatial resolution was determined at 70 MeV. An additional measurement using monoenergetic 17.6 MeV gammas produced through a p-Li resonance was later made after the photosensors used in positron testing were improved. As an example of the results, the energy resolution at 70 MeV of (1.52 ± 0.03) % is more than two times better than reported results using previous generation LYSO crystals.

KW - Electromagnetic calorimeter

KW - LYSO

KW - Test beam

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JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

M1 - 170320

ER -

Measurements of a LYSO crystal array from threshold to 100 MeV

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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