Modulatory effect of Coccinia indica on aortic collagen in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

1. The effects of Coccinia indica, an indigenous plant used in Ayurvedic medicine in India, on aortic collagen content and its characteristics were assessed in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. 2. Rats were made diabetic with a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg/kg). Blood glucose, hydroxyproline, collagen, extent of glycation, collagen-linked fluorescence, soluble pattern of pepsin-soluble collagen, shrinkage temperature, α/β ratio of type I collagen and type I/type III collagen ratio were determined in rats treated with C. indica leaf extract (CLEt; 200 mg/kg for 45 days using an oral intragastric tube). 3. In diabetic rats, the collagen content, as well as the degree of cross-linking, was increased, as evidenced by increased shrinkage temperature and decreased pepsin solubility. The α/β ratio of type I collagen and the type I/type III collagen ratio of pepsin-soluble collagen were significantly decreased in STZ diabetic rats. 4. In conclusion, administration of CLEt for 45 days to STZ diabetic rats significantly reduced the accumulation and cross-linking of collagen. The effects of C. indica (collagen content 23.87 ± 1.52 mg/100 mg tissue (t value = 6.80), extent of cross-linking 0.893 ± 0.072 mg hydroxyproline/100 mg tissue (t value = 9.0)) were comparable with those of glibenclamide (collagen content 26.18 ± 1.65 mg/100 mg tissue (t value = 4.58), extent of cross-linking 0.787 ± 0.057 mg hydroxyproline/100 mg tissue (t value = 7.1)), a reference drug.