Morphogenetic Sphingolipids in Stem Cell Differentiation and Embryo Development

Guanghu Wang; Erhard Bieberich

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-49343-5_2

Morphogenetic Sphingolipids in Stem Cell Differentiation and Embryo Development

Guanghu Wang, Erhard Bieberich

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

The lipid composition in stem cells undergoes remarkable changes during neural differentiation. Growing evidence suggests that lipids regulate stem cell differentiation through three mechanisms: direct binding and regulation of lipid-specific receptors, regulation of non-lipid receptors by clustering with lipids in microdomains or rafts, and enrichment of specific lipids in compartments and vesicles. Lipid-driven compartmentalization is critical for vesicle trafficking, cell polarity and ultimately, embryo development. Sphingolipids such as ceramide are strictly compartmentalized to function in distinct differentiation programs. Research in our laboratory has focused on the function of ceramide-enriched compartments (CECs). Ceramide and its derivative, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), are counteractive in stem cell apoptosis vs. survival, but they can act synergistically in neural progenitor cell differentiation. This review discusses studies on lipid-induced stem cell differentiation and embryo development with focus on sphingolipids as “morphogenetic lipids” and potential drug targets in regenerative medicine.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine
Pages	11-40
Number of pages	30
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49343-5_2
State	Published - 2017

Publication series

Name	Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine
Volume	Part F4899
ISSN (Print)	2196-8985
ISSN (Electronic)	2196-8993

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017.

Funding

Acknowledgments This study was supported by grants NIH R01AG034389, R01NS095215, and NSF1121579 to E.B. and American Lung Association RG-351596 to G.W.W e are also grateful to institutional support by the Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (chair Dr. Lin Mei), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University.

Funders	Funder number
Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine
Augusta University
National Institutes of Health (NIH)	R01NS095215, R01AG034389, NSF1121579
American Lung Association	RG-351596

Keywords

Ceramide
Cilia
Compartments
Differentiation
Endosomes
Exosomes
Golgi
Lipid rafts
Sphingolipids
Sphingosine-1-phosphate

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cell Biology
Molecular Medicine

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-319-49343-5_2

Cite this

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abstract = "The lipid composition in stem cells undergoes remarkable changes during neural differentiation. Growing evidence suggests that lipids regulate stem cell differentiation through three mechanisms: direct binding and regulation of lipid-specific receptors, regulation of non-lipid receptors by clustering with lipids in microdomains or rafts, and enrichment of specific lipids in compartments and vesicles. Lipid-driven compartmentalization is critical for vesicle trafficking, cell polarity and ultimately, embryo development. Sphingolipids such as ceramide are strictly compartmentalized to function in distinct differentiation programs. Research in our laboratory has focused on the function of ceramide-enriched compartments (CECs). Ceramide and its derivative, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), are counteractive in stem cell apoptosis vs. survival, but they can act synergistically in neural progenitor cell differentiation. This review discusses studies on lipid-induced stem cell differentiation and embryo development with focus on sphingolipids as “morphogenetic lipids” and potential drug targets in regenerative medicine.",

keywords = "Ceramide, Cilia, Compartments, Differentiation, Endosomes, Exosomes, Golgi, Lipid rafts, Sphingolipids, Sphingosine-1-phosphate",

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N2 - The lipid composition in stem cells undergoes remarkable changes during neural differentiation. Growing evidence suggests that lipids regulate stem cell differentiation through three mechanisms: direct binding and regulation of lipid-specific receptors, regulation of non-lipid receptors by clustering with lipids in microdomains or rafts, and enrichment of specific lipids in compartments and vesicles. Lipid-driven compartmentalization is critical for vesicle trafficking, cell polarity and ultimately, embryo development. Sphingolipids such as ceramide are strictly compartmentalized to function in distinct differentiation programs. Research in our laboratory has focused on the function of ceramide-enriched compartments (CECs). Ceramide and its derivative, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), are counteractive in stem cell apoptosis vs. survival, but they can act synergistically in neural progenitor cell differentiation. This review discusses studies on lipid-induced stem cell differentiation and embryo development with focus on sphingolipids as “morphogenetic lipids” and potential drug targets in regenerative medicine.

AB - The lipid composition in stem cells undergoes remarkable changes during neural differentiation. Growing evidence suggests that lipids regulate stem cell differentiation through three mechanisms: direct binding and regulation of lipid-specific receptors, regulation of non-lipid receptors by clustering with lipids in microdomains or rafts, and enrichment of specific lipids in compartments and vesicles. Lipid-driven compartmentalization is critical for vesicle trafficking, cell polarity and ultimately, embryo development. Sphingolipids such as ceramide are strictly compartmentalized to function in distinct differentiation programs. Research in our laboratory has focused on the function of ceramide-enriched compartments (CECs). Ceramide and its derivative, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), are counteractive in stem cell apoptosis vs. survival, but they can act synergistically in neural progenitor cell differentiation. This review discusses studies on lipid-induced stem cell differentiation and embryo development with focus on sphingolipids as “morphogenetic lipids” and potential drug targets in regenerative medicine.

KW - Ceramide

KW - Cilia

KW - Compartments

KW - Differentiation

KW - Endosomes

KW - Exosomes

KW - Golgi

KW - Lipid rafts

KW - Sphingolipids

KW - Sphingosine-1-phosphate

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Morphogenetic Sphingolipids in Stem Cell Differentiation and Embryo Development

Abstract

Publication series

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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Cite this