Multiple sleep dimensions and type 2 diabetes risk among women in the Sister Study: Differences by race/ethnicity

Ketrell L. McWhorter; Yong Moon Park; Symielle A. Gaston; Kacey B. Fang; Dale P. Sandler; Chandra L. Jackson

doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000652

Multiple sleep dimensions and type 2 diabetes risk among women in the Sister Study: Differences by race/ethnicity

Ketrell L. McWhorter, Yong Moon Park, Symielle A. Gaston, Kacey B. Fang, Dale P. Sandler, Chandra L. Jackson

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective Poor sleep has been associated with type 2 diabetes. Since racial/ethnic minorities experience a disproportionately high prevalence of poor sleep and type 2 diabetes, we sought to determine the relationships between multiple sleep dimensions and incident type 2 diabetes and to investigate if these relationships vary by race/ethnicity. Research design and methods Prospective data were analyzed from the Sister Study, which enrolled 50 884 women from 2003 to 2009. Participants self-reported sleep duration, sleep latency, night awakenings, and napping at baseline, and a physician's diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results Among the 39 071 eligible participants, 87% self-identified as white, 8% black and 5% Hispanic/Latina. The mean follow-up period was 8.5±2.1 years and 1785 type 2 diabetes cases were reported. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 5.4 for whites, 13.3 for blacks and 11.6 for Hispanics/Latinas. There was a positive but non-significant increased risk of type 2 diabetes among women who reported short sleep, latency >30 min and frequent night awakenings. In fully-adjusted models, frequent napping was associated with a 19% (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.37) higher type 2 diabetes risk in the overall sample. Poor sleep among racial/ethnic minorities ranged from a 1.4-fold to a 3.2-fold higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep. Conclusions Frequent napping was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk. Racial/ethnic minorities with poor sleep had a higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep.

Original language	English
Article number	e000652
Journal	BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care
Volume	7
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000652
State	Published - Sep 1 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Contributors KLM, Y-MP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Study concept and design: CLJ, KLM. Acquisition of data: DPS. Statistical analysis: KLM. Interpretation of data: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Drafting of the manuscript: KLM, KBF, CLJ. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Administrative, technical, and material support: DPS. Obtaining funding and study supervision: CLJ. Final approval: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Funding This work was funded by the Intramural Program at the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z1A ES103325-01 (CLJ) and Z01 ES044005 (DPS)). Competing interests None declared. Patient consent for publication Not required. ethics approval The study was approved by the institutional review boards of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Copernicus Group. Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Author(s).

Keywords

sleep

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000652

Cite this

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title = "Multiple sleep dimensions and type 2 diabetes risk among women in the Sister Study: Differences by race/ethnicity",

abstract = "Objective Poor sleep has been associated with type 2 diabetes. Since racial/ethnic minorities experience a disproportionately high prevalence of poor sleep and type 2 diabetes, we sought to determine the relationships between multiple sleep dimensions and incident type 2 diabetes and to investigate if these relationships vary by race/ethnicity. Research design and methods Prospective data were analyzed from the Sister Study, which enrolled 50 884 women from 2003 to 2009. Participants self-reported sleep duration, sleep latency, night awakenings, and napping at baseline, and a physician's diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results Among the 39 071 eligible participants, 87% self-identified as white, 8% black and 5% Hispanic/Latina. The mean follow-up period was 8.5±2.1 years and 1785 type 2 diabetes cases were reported. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 5.4 for whites, 13.3 for blacks and 11.6 for Hispanics/Latinas. There was a positive but non-significant increased risk of type 2 diabetes among women who reported short sleep, latency >30 min and frequent night awakenings. In fully-adjusted models, frequent napping was associated with a 19% (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.37) higher type 2 diabetes risk in the overall sample. Poor sleep among racial/ethnic minorities ranged from a 1.4-fold to a 3.2-fold higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep. Conclusions Frequent napping was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk. Racial/ethnic minorities with poor sleep had a higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep.",

keywords = "sleep",

author = "McWhorter, {Ketrell L.} and Park, {Yong Moon} and Gaston, {Symielle A.} and Fang, {Kacey B.} and Sandler, {Dale P.} and Jackson, {Chandra L.}",

note = "Funding Information: Contributors KLM, Y-MP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Study concept and design: CLJ, KLM. Acquisition of data: DPS. Statistical analysis: KLM. Interpretation of data: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Drafting of the manuscript: KLM, KBF, CLJ. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Administrative, technical, and material support: DPS. Obtaining funding and study supervision: CLJ. Final approval: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Funding This work was funded by the Intramural Program at the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z1A ES103325-01 (CLJ) and Z01 ES044005 (DPS)). Competing interests None declared. Patient consent for publication Not required. ethics approval The study was approved by the institutional review boards of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Copernicus Group. Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Author(s).",

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doi = "10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000652",

language = "English",

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T1 - Multiple sleep dimensions and type 2 diabetes risk among women in the Sister Study

T2 - Differences by race/ethnicity

AU - McWhorter, Ketrell L.

AU - Park, Yong Moon

AU - Gaston, Symielle A.

AU - Fang, Kacey B.

AU - Sandler, Dale P.

AU - Jackson, Chandra L.

N1 - Funding Information: Contributors KLM, Y-MP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Study concept and design: CLJ, KLM. Acquisition of data: DPS. Statistical analysis: KLM. Interpretation of data: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Drafting of the manuscript: KLM, KBF, CLJ. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Administrative, technical, and material support: DPS. Obtaining funding and study supervision: CLJ. Final approval: KLM, YMP, SAG, KBF, DPS, CLJ. Funding This work was funded by the Intramural Program at the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z1A ES103325-01 (CLJ) and Z01 ES044005 (DPS)). Competing interests None declared. Patient consent for publication Not required. ethics approval The study was approved by the institutional review boards of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Copernicus Group. Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Author(s).

PY - 2019/9/1

Y1 - 2019/9/1

N2 - Objective Poor sleep has been associated with type 2 diabetes. Since racial/ethnic minorities experience a disproportionately high prevalence of poor sleep and type 2 diabetes, we sought to determine the relationships between multiple sleep dimensions and incident type 2 diabetes and to investigate if these relationships vary by race/ethnicity. Research design and methods Prospective data were analyzed from the Sister Study, which enrolled 50 884 women from 2003 to 2009. Participants self-reported sleep duration, sleep latency, night awakenings, and napping at baseline, and a physician's diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results Among the 39 071 eligible participants, 87% self-identified as white, 8% black and 5% Hispanic/Latina. The mean follow-up period was 8.5±2.1 years and 1785 type 2 diabetes cases were reported. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 5.4 for whites, 13.3 for blacks and 11.6 for Hispanics/Latinas. There was a positive but non-significant increased risk of type 2 diabetes among women who reported short sleep, latency >30 min and frequent night awakenings. In fully-adjusted models, frequent napping was associated with a 19% (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.37) higher type 2 diabetes risk in the overall sample. Poor sleep among racial/ethnic minorities ranged from a 1.4-fold to a 3.2-fold higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep. Conclusions Frequent napping was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk. Racial/ethnic minorities with poor sleep had a higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep.

AB - Objective Poor sleep has been associated with type 2 diabetes. Since racial/ethnic minorities experience a disproportionately high prevalence of poor sleep and type 2 diabetes, we sought to determine the relationships between multiple sleep dimensions and incident type 2 diabetes and to investigate if these relationships vary by race/ethnicity. Research design and methods Prospective data were analyzed from the Sister Study, which enrolled 50 884 women from 2003 to 2009. Participants self-reported sleep duration, sleep latency, night awakenings, and napping at baseline, and a physician's diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results Among the 39 071 eligible participants, 87% self-identified as white, 8% black and 5% Hispanic/Latina. The mean follow-up period was 8.5±2.1 years and 1785 type 2 diabetes cases were reported. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 5.4 for whites, 13.3 for blacks and 11.6 for Hispanics/Latinas. There was a positive but non-significant increased risk of type 2 diabetes among women who reported short sleep, latency >30 min and frequent night awakenings. In fully-adjusted models, frequent napping was associated with a 19% (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.37) higher type 2 diabetes risk in the overall sample. Poor sleep among racial/ethnic minorities ranged from a 1.4-fold to a 3.2-fold higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep. Conclusions Frequent napping was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk. Racial/ethnic minorities with poor sleep had a higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep.

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Multiple sleep dimensions and type 2 diabetes risk among women in the Sister Study: Differences by race/ethnicity

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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