Nanohybrid membrane synthesis with phosphorene nanoparticles: A study of the addition, stability and toxicity

Joyner Eke; Philip Alexander Mills; Jacob Ryan Page; Garrison P. Wright; Olga V. Tsyusko; Isabel C. Escobar

doi:10.3390/polym12071555

Nanohybrid membrane synthesis with phosphorene nanoparticles: A study of the addition, stability and toxicity

Joyner Eke, Philip Alexander Mills, Jacob Ryan Page, Garrison P. Wright, Olga V. Tsyusko, Isabel C. Escobar

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Phosphorene is a promising candidate as a membrane material additive because of its inherent photocatalytic properties and electrical conductance which can help reduce fouling and improve membrane properties. The main objective of this study was to characterize structural and morphologic changes arising from the addition of phosphorene to polymeric membranes. Here, phosphorene was physically incorporated into a blend of polysulfone (PSf) and sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) doping solution. Protein and dye rejection studies were carried out to determine the permeability and selectivity of the membranes. Since loss of material additives during filtration processes is a challenge, the stability of phosphorene nanoparticles in different environments was also examined. Furthermore, given that phosphorene is a new material, toxicity studies with a model nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, were carried out to provide insight into the biocompatibility and safety of phosphorene. Results showed that membranes modified with phosphorene displayed a higher protein rejection, but lower flux values. Phosphorene also led to a 70% reduction in dye fouling after filtration. Additionally, data showed that phosphorene loss was negligible within the membrane matrix irrespective of the pH environment. Phosphorene caused toxicity to nematodes in a free form, while no toxicity was observed for membrane permeates.

Original language	English
Article number	1555
Journal	Polymers
Volume	12
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12071555
State	Published - Jul 1 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Funding

Funding: This research was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Cooperative Agreement No. 1355438, by the NSF Kentucky EPSCoR Program and the University of Kentucky Ignite Research Collaboration. OVT was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S Department of Agriculture, under NC-1194. GPW was supported by Summer Undergraduate Research in Environmental Sciences (SURES) funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) R25ES027684. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Cooperative Agreement No. 1355438, by the NSF Kentucky EPSCoR Program and the University of Kentucky Ignite Research Collaboration. OVT was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U. S Department of Agriculture, under NC-1194. GPW was supported by Summer Undergraduate Research in Environmental Sciences (SURES) funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) R25ES027684. The authors acknowledge the Center of Membrane Sciences and the technical help of Shristi Shrestha and Tami Smith.

Funders	Funder number
U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture, Biomass Research and Development Initiative
National Science Foundation Arctic Social Science Program	1355438
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences	R25ES027684
U.S. Department of Agriculture	NC-1194
US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative
University of Kentucky

Keywords

Fouling reduction
Leaching
Membrane modification
Nanoparticles
Phosphorene
Reactive membranes
Toxicity study
Two-dimensional materials

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemistry
Polymers and Plastics

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10.3390/polym12071555

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abstract = "Phosphorene is a promising candidate as a membrane material additive because of its inherent photocatalytic properties and electrical conductance which can help reduce fouling and improve membrane properties. The main objective of this study was to characterize structural and morphologic changes arising from the addition of phosphorene to polymeric membranes. Here, phosphorene was physically incorporated into a blend of polysulfone (PSf) and sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) doping solution. Protein and dye rejection studies were carried out to determine the permeability and selectivity of the membranes. Since loss of material additives during filtration processes is a challenge, the stability of phosphorene nanoparticles in different environments was also examined. Furthermore, given that phosphorene is a new material, toxicity studies with a model nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, were carried out to provide insight into the biocompatibility and safety of phosphorene. Results showed that membranes modified with phosphorene displayed a higher protein rejection, but lower flux values. Phosphorene also led to a 70% reduction in dye fouling after filtration. Additionally, data showed that phosphorene loss was negligible within the membrane matrix irrespective of the pH environment. Phosphorene caused toxicity to nematodes in a free form, while no toxicity was observed for membrane permeates.",

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author = "Joyner Eke and Mills, {Philip Alexander} and Page, {Jacob Ryan} and Wright, {Garrison P.} and Tsyusko, {Olga V.} and Escobar, {Isabel C.}",

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AB - Phosphorene is a promising candidate as a membrane material additive because of its inherent photocatalytic properties and electrical conductance which can help reduce fouling and improve membrane properties. The main objective of this study was to characterize structural and morphologic changes arising from the addition of phosphorene to polymeric membranes. Here, phosphorene was physically incorporated into a blend of polysulfone (PSf) and sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) doping solution. Protein and dye rejection studies were carried out to determine the permeability and selectivity of the membranes. Since loss of material additives during filtration processes is a challenge, the stability of phosphorene nanoparticles in different environments was also examined. Furthermore, given that phosphorene is a new material, toxicity studies with a model nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, were carried out to provide insight into the biocompatibility and safety of phosphorene. Results showed that membranes modified with phosphorene displayed a higher protein rejection, but lower flux values. Phosphorene also led to a 70% reduction in dye fouling after filtration. Additionally, data showed that phosphorene loss was negligible within the membrane matrix irrespective of the pH environment. Phosphorene caused toxicity to nematodes in a free form, while no toxicity was observed for membrane permeates.

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Nanohybrid membrane synthesis with phosphorene nanoparticles: A study of the addition, stability and toxicity

Abstract

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Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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