Abstract
The advanced medium-throughput NanoString nCounter technology has been increasingly used for mRNA or miRNA differential expression (DE) studies due to its advantages including direct measurement of molecule expression levels without amplification, digital readout and superior applicability to formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples. However, the analysis of nCounter data is hampered because most methods developed are based on t-tests, which do not fit the count data generated by the NanoString nCounter system. Furthermore, data normalization procedures of current methods are either not suitable for counts or not specific for NanoString nCounter data. We develop a novel DE detection method based on NanoString nCounter data. The method, named NanoStringDiff, considers a generalized linear model of the negative binomial family to characterize count data and allows for multifactor design. Data normalization is incorporated in the model framework through data normalization parameters, which are estimated from positive controls, negative controls and housekeeping genes embedded in the nCounter system. We propose an empirical Bayes shrinkage approach to estimate the dispersion parameter in the model and a likelihood ratio test to identify differentially expressed genes. Simulations and real data analysis demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than existing methods.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | e151 |
Journal | Nucleic Acids Research |
Volume | 44 |
Issue number | 20 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2016 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grant [P30CA177558]; Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [5P20GM103436-15]. Funding for open access charge: Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky. Conflict of interest statement. None declared.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Genetics