Abstract
IMPORTANCE Studies of cranial ultrasonography and early childhood outcomes among cohorts of extremely preterm neonates have linked periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage and cystic periventricular leukomalacia with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the association between nonhemorrhagic ventriculomegaly and neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE To characterize the outcomes of extremely preterm neonates younger than 27 weeks' gestational age who experienced nonhemorrhagic ventriculomegaly that was detected prior to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This longitudinal observational studywas conducted at 16 centers of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Infants born prior to 27 weeks' gestational age in any network facility between July 1, 2006, and June 30, 2011, were included if they had a cranial ultrasonogram performed prior to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. Comparisons were made between those with ventriculomegaly and those with normal cranial sonograms. Data analysis was completed from August 2013 to August 2017. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcomewas neurodevelopmental impairment, defined as a Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III cognitive score less than 70, moderate/severe cerebral palsy, a Gross Motor Function Classification System score of level 2 or more, vision impairment, or hearing impairment. Secondary outcomes included Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III subscores, components of neurodevelopmental impairment, behavioral outcomes, and death/neurodevelopmental impairment. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of ventriculomegaly with adverse outcomes while controlling for potentially confounding variables and center differences as a random effect. Linear regression was used similarly for continuous outcomes. RESULTS Of4193neonateswithultrasonographydata,300hadnonhemorrhagicventriculomegaly (7%); 3045 had normal cranial ultrasonograms (73%), 775 had periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (18.5%), and 73 had cystic periventricular leukomalacia (1.7%). Outcomeswere available for3008of3345neonateswithventriculomegaly ornormalscans(90%).Comparedwith normal cranial ultrasonograms, ventriculomegalywas associated with lower gestational age, male sex, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, late-onset sepsis, meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity. After adjustment, neonates with ventriculomegaly had higher odds of neurodevelopmental impairment (odds ratio [OR], 3.07; 95%CI, 2.13-4.43), cognitive impairment (OR, 3.23; 95%CI, 2.09-4.99), moderate/severe cerebral palsy (OR, 3.68; 95%CI, 2.08-6.51),death/neurodevelopmentalimpairment(OR,2.17;95%CI,1.62-2.91),butnotdeathalone (OR, 1.09; 95%CI,0.76-1.57). Behavioral outcomes did not differ. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Nonhemorrhagic ventriculomegaly is associated with increased odds of neurodevelopmental impairment among extremely preterm neonates.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 32-42 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | JAMA Pediatrics |
Volume | 172 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health