TY - CHAP
T1 - New insights into vertebrate skin regeneration
AU - Seifert, Ashley W.
AU - Maden, Malcolm
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Regeneration biology has experienced a renaissance as clinicians, scientists, and engineers have combined forces to drive the field of regenerative medicine. Studies investigating the mechanisms that regulate wound healing in adult mammals have led to a good understanding of the stereotypical processes that lead to scarring. Despite comparative studies of fetal wound healing in which no scar is produced, the fact remains that insights from this work have failed to produce therapies that can regenerate adult human skin. In this review, we analyze past and contemporary accounts of wound healing in a variety of vertebrates, namely, fish, amphibians, and mammals, in order to demonstrate how examples of skin regeneration in adult organisms can impact traditional wound-healing research. When considered together, these studies suggest that inflammation and reepithelialization are necessary events preceding both scarring and regeneration. However, the extent to which these processes may direct one outcome over another is likely weaker than currently accepted. In contrast, the extent to which newly deposited extracellular matrix in the wound bed can be remodeled into new skin, and the intrinsic ability of new epidermis to regenerate appendages, appears to underlie the divergence between scar-free healing and the persistence of a scar. We discuss several ideas that may offer areas of overlap between researchers using these different model organisms and which may be of benefit to the ultimate goal of scar-free human wound healing.
AB - Regeneration biology has experienced a renaissance as clinicians, scientists, and engineers have combined forces to drive the field of regenerative medicine. Studies investigating the mechanisms that regulate wound healing in adult mammals have led to a good understanding of the stereotypical processes that lead to scarring. Despite comparative studies of fetal wound healing in which no scar is produced, the fact remains that insights from this work have failed to produce therapies that can regenerate adult human skin. In this review, we analyze past and contemporary accounts of wound healing in a variety of vertebrates, namely, fish, amphibians, and mammals, in order to demonstrate how examples of skin regeneration in adult organisms can impact traditional wound-healing research. When considered together, these studies suggest that inflammation and reepithelialization are necessary events preceding both scarring and regeneration. However, the extent to which these processes may direct one outcome over another is likely weaker than currently accepted. In contrast, the extent to which newly deposited extracellular matrix in the wound bed can be remodeled into new skin, and the intrinsic ability of new epidermis to regenerate appendages, appears to underlie the divergence between scar-free healing and the persistence of a scar. We discuss several ideas that may offer areas of overlap between researchers using these different model organisms and which may be of benefit to the ultimate goal of scar-free human wound healing.
KW - Acomys
KW - Axolotl
KW - Dermis
KW - Fish
KW - Regeneration biology
KW - Regenerative medicine
KW - Scarring
KW - Skin regeneration
KW - Spiny mouse
KW - Wound healing
KW - Wound repair
KW - Xenopus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84898035587&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84898035587&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-800180-6.00004-9
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-800180-6.00004-9
M3 - Chapter
C2 - 24725426
AN - SCOPUS:84898035587
T3 - International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
SP - 129
EP - 169
BT - International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
ER -