TY - JOUR
T1 - Nonstrangulating intestinal infarction associated with Strongylus vulgaris in referred Danish equine cases
AU - Nielsen, M. K.
AU - Jacobsen, S.
AU - Olsen, S. N.
AU - Bousquet, E.
AU - Pihl, T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 EVJ Ltd.
PY - 2016/5/1
Y1 - 2016/5/1
N2 - Reasons for performing study: Strongylus vulgaris is a pathogenic helminth parasite infecting horses and was once considered to be the primary cause of colic. Migrating larvae cause ischaemia and infarction of intestinal segments. This knowledge is derived from case reports and experimental inoculations of parasite-naïve foals, and it remains unknown to what extent the parasite is associated with different types of colic. Objectives: To evaluate the role of S.vulgaris as a risk factor for different types of colic in horses. Study design: A retrospective case-control study among horses referred with abdominal pain to the University of Copenhagen Large Animal Teaching Hospital during 2009-2011. Methods: Each colic case was matched with an equid of the same type (pony, Warmblooded or Coldblooded), age, sex and admitted in the same month and year but for problems unrelated to the gastrointestinal tract. Serum samples were analysed for antibodies to migrating S.vulgaris larvae using a recently developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The following 4 case definitions were used: colic sensu lato, i.e. all horses presenting with colic (n = 274), with further subgroups, i.e. undiagnosed colics (n = 48), strangulating obstructions (n = 76) and nonstrangulating infarctions (n = 20). Results: Strongylus vulgaris antibody levels were similar to control values in colics sensu lato and horses with undiagnosed colic. In contrast, nonstrangulating intestinal infarctions were significantly associated with positive S.vulgarisELISAs (odds ratio 5.33, 95% confidence interval 1.03-27.76, P = 0.05). Also, horses with nonstrangulating infarctions had a significantly higher occurrence of positive ELISAs than horses with strangulating obstructions (odds ratio 3.79, 95% confidence interval 1.34-10.68, P = 0.01) and the colic sensu lato group (odds ratio 3.09, 95% confidence interval 1.20-8.01, P = 0.02). Conclusions: Nonstrangulating intestinal infarction was strongly associated with S.vulgaris-specific antibodies, whereas the more broadly defined colic categories were not associated with positive ELISA results. Thus, the ELISA holds potential to become a helpful adjunct in diagnosis and management of horses with colic. The Summary is available in Chinese - see Supporting information.
AB - Reasons for performing study: Strongylus vulgaris is a pathogenic helminth parasite infecting horses and was once considered to be the primary cause of colic. Migrating larvae cause ischaemia and infarction of intestinal segments. This knowledge is derived from case reports and experimental inoculations of parasite-naïve foals, and it remains unknown to what extent the parasite is associated with different types of colic. Objectives: To evaluate the role of S.vulgaris as a risk factor for different types of colic in horses. Study design: A retrospective case-control study among horses referred with abdominal pain to the University of Copenhagen Large Animal Teaching Hospital during 2009-2011. Methods: Each colic case was matched with an equid of the same type (pony, Warmblooded or Coldblooded), age, sex and admitted in the same month and year but for problems unrelated to the gastrointestinal tract. Serum samples were analysed for antibodies to migrating S.vulgaris larvae using a recently developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The following 4 case definitions were used: colic sensu lato, i.e. all horses presenting with colic (n = 274), with further subgroups, i.e. undiagnosed colics (n = 48), strangulating obstructions (n = 76) and nonstrangulating infarctions (n = 20). Results: Strongylus vulgaris antibody levels were similar to control values in colics sensu lato and horses with undiagnosed colic. In contrast, nonstrangulating intestinal infarctions were significantly associated with positive S.vulgarisELISAs (odds ratio 5.33, 95% confidence interval 1.03-27.76, P = 0.05). Also, horses with nonstrangulating infarctions had a significantly higher occurrence of positive ELISAs than horses with strangulating obstructions (odds ratio 3.79, 95% confidence interval 1.34-10.68, P = 0.01) and the colic sensu lato group (odds ratio 3.09, 95% confidence interval 1.20-8.01, P = 0.02). Conclusions: Nonstrangulating intestinal infarction was strongly associated with S.vulgaris-specific antibodies, whereas the more broadly defined colic categories were not associated with positive ELISA results. Thus, the ELISA holds potential to become a helpful adjunct in diagnosis and management of horses with colic. The Summary is available in Chinese - see Supporting information.
KW - Colic
KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW - Horse
KW - Intestinal infarction
KW - Odds ratio
KW - Strongylus vulgaris
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U2 - 10.1111/evj.12422
DO - 10.1111/evj.12422
M3 - Article
C2 - 25604521
AN - SCOPUS:84924663332
SN - 0425-1644
VL - 48
SP - 376
EP - 379
JO - Equine Veterinary Journal
JF - Equine Veterinary Journal
IS - 3
ER -